PATHOGEN-IMMUNE INTERACTIONS OF ACUTE INFECTIONS: THE ROLE OF WANING IMMUNITY IN

急性感染的病原体-免疫相互作用：免疫力减弱的作用

• 批准号: 8360212
• 负责人: Helen Jane Wearing
• 金额: $ 5.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2012-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8360212
• 关键词: Acute; Bioinformatics; Biological Sciences; Case Study; Centers of Research Excellence; Cities; Complement; Data; Databases; Disease; Evolution; Funding; Grant; Human; Immune; Immune response; Immunity; Immunology; Infection; Influenza; Mass Vaccinations; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; National Center for Research Resources; Online Systems; Pertussis; Principal Investigator; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Role; Source; Testing; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Vaccines; cost; disease transmission; flexibility; influenza virus vaccine; mortality; pathogen; tool

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. An understanding of the historical interaction between pathogens and host immunity is essential to a clear view of contemporary disease dynamics. The public record of United States telegraphic case reports is an extensive and unexploited resource that we will use to fill an important gap in our understanding of pre-vaccine influenza and pertussis dynamics. Using a previously developed database and web-based user interface, we will digitize case reports of influenza and whooping cough morbidity and influenza mortality from states and cities for 1930 - 1950. The aim of this project is to assess the magnitude and significance of waning immunity to influenza and pertussis prior to mass vaccination. Both of these diseases continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality, partly due to pathogen evolution or an imperfect immune response. We will develop a parsimonious between-host model of disease transmission using a flexible representation of waning immunity. We will assess model sensitivity to alternative assumptions about waning immunity and test model predictions against pre-vaccine data. Public databases are important collaborative tools in data-driven biological sciences. This case report database, along with the subsequent analysis and modeling fills a critical gap in host-pathogen research that complements existing bioinformatics databases and research of human microparasites.

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 而子项目的主要调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其它NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 而不是由NCRR赠款提供给子项目或子项目工作人员的直接资金。 了解病原体和宿主免疫之间的历史相互作用对于清楚地了解当代疾病动态至关重要。美国电报病例报告的公共记录是一个广泛和未开发的资源，我们将利用它来填补我们对疫苗接种前流感和百日咳动态的理解方面的一个重要空白。使用先前开发的数据库和基于网络的用户界面，我们将收集1930 - 1950年美国各州和城市的流感和百日咳发病率以及流感死亡率的病例报告。 该项目的目的是评估在大规模接种疫苗之前对流感和百日咳免疫力下降的程度和意义。这两种疾病继续造成严重的发病率和死亡率，部分原因是病原体进化或免疫反应不完善。我们将开发一个简约的宿主之间的疾病传播模型，使用一个灵活的代表性减弱的免疫力。我们将评估模型对免疫力减弱的替代假设的敏感性，并根据疫苗接种前的数据测试模型预测。 公共数据库是数据驱动的生物科学中重要的协作工具。该病例报告数据库，沿着随后的分析和建模，填补了宿主-病原体研究的关键空白，补充了现有的生物信息学数据库和人类微寄生虫研究。