A NOVEL ULTRAFAST LASER TECHNIQUE FOR PATHOGEN INACTIVATION

用于灭活病原体的新型超快激光技术

• 批准号: 8398796
• 负责人: Shaw-Wei David Tsen
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8398796
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Area; Bacteria; Biological Products; Blood; Blood Coagulation Factor; Blood Platelets; Blood Transfusion; Blood Volume; Blood-Borne Pathogens; Capsid; Capsid Proteins; Chemical Agents; Chemicals; Clinical; Coagulation Process; Detergents; Development; Disease; Donor Selection; Electron Microscopy; Emergency Situation; Ensure; Erythrocytes; Excision; Future; Goals; HIV; Heating; Hepatitis C virus; Human; Immunocompromised Host; Immunologic Tests; Infection; Lasers; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Medical; Medical Device; Medicine; Methods; Military Personnel; Modeling; Molecular; Mus; Nucleic Acids; One-Step dentin bonding system; Pharmacologic Substance; Plasma; Plasma Proteins; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Process; RNA; Relative (related person); Resistance; Resources; Risk; Safety; Sampling; Screening procedure; Solutions; Solvents; Sterilization; Structure; Surgical Instruments; Surgical wound; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Transfusion; Translations; Ultraviolet Rays; United States; Vascular blood supply; Viral; Virus; Virus Inactivation; Visible Radiation; West Nile virus; Whole Blood; base; blood product; combat; cost; ionization; irradiation; killings; mouse model; novel; novel strategies; pathogen; ultraviolet

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pathogen reduction (PR) represents the ideal preemptive measure to ensure the safety of the blood supply. However, currently available PR technologies have concerns of clinical side effects, limiting their use in the United States. The ideal PR technology should be able to effectively kill a wide variety of pathogens without introducing chemical or biological agents, while retaining the function of the blood products. In this regard, ultrafast lasers represent a promising new chemical-free PR technology. The objective of the proposed studies is to establish an ultrafast laser PR technology for treatment of human plasma, and to determine the physical and molecular mechanisms by which ultrafast lasers kill pathogens. The long-term goal of the proposed studies is to develop an ultrafast laser PR system applicable to plasma, platelets and red blood cells to provide safe transfusion worldwide. The specific aims of the project are: (1) To demonstrate ultrafast laser inactivation of West Nile virus (WNV), a model transfusion-transmitted pathogen; (2) To determine the physical and molecular basis of ultrafast laser-induced inactivation of pathogens; and (3) To determine efficacy of WNV inactivation in a mouse model of plasma transfusion. At the completion of the project, we expect to have made significant progress in the development of a new ultrafast laser technology for PR of plasma, amenable to use in a clinical setting. We anticipate translation of this technology soon to PR of platelets, RBCs, and whole blood in future studies. This technology will also be especially beneficial in military use, such as for emergency transfusions in the field, and low resource areas worldwide where screening and testing are not well established. To our knowledge, this is the first use of ultrafast lasers in the field of transfusio medicine and represents a new medical application for lasers. Continued exploration of this laser PR technology is expected to generate additional applications including sterilization of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, surgical wounds, and surgical instruments, and combating bioterror threats. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Known and emerging pathogens will continue to be a threat to the blood supply until an effective pathogen reduction technology is in place. In the proposed studies, we will develop a new ultrafast laser pathogen inactivation technology with the goal of eliminating the risk of transfusion-transmitted diseases worldwide.

描述（由申请人提供）：病原体减少（PR）代表了确保血液供应安全性的理想先发制件。但是，目前可用的公关技术对临床副作用有所关注，从而限制了它们在美国的使用。理想的PR技术应该能够有效地杀死各种病原体，而无需引入化学或生物学剂，同时保留血液产品的功能。在这方面，Ultrafast激光器代表了一种有希望的新的无化学物质PR技术。拟议研究的目的是建立一种超快激光PR技术来治疗 人血浆，并确定超快激光杀死病原体的物理和分子机制。拟议研究的长期目标是开发适用于血浆，血小板和红细胞的超快激光PR系统，以在全球范围内提供安全的输血。该项目的具体目的是：（1）证明超快激光失活的 西尼罗河病毒（WNV），一种模型输血传播的病原体； （2）确定超快激光诱导的病原体失活的物理和分子基础； （3）确定在血浆输血的小鼠模型中WNV失活的功效。该项目完成后，我们预计在开发新的超快激光技术的血浆PR，可在临床环境中使用。我们预计这项技术很快就会在未来的研究中将这项技术转换为血小板，RBC和全血的PR。该技术也将在军事用途中特别有益，例如该领域的紧急输血，以及在全球范围内筛查和测试尚未确定的资源低。据我们所知，这是超快速激光器在输血医学领域的首次使用，代表了激光的新医疗应用。预计该激光PR技术的继续探索将产生其他应用，包括对药品，医疗设备，手术伤口和手术器械进行灭菌，并打击Bioterror威胁。 公共卫生相关性：在进行有效的病原体减少技术之前，已知和新兴的病原体将继续对血液供应构成威胁。在拟议的研究中，我们将开发一种新的超快激光病原体灭活技术，目的是消除全球输血转移疾病的风险。