A NOVEL ULTRAFAST LASER TECHNIQUE FOR PATHOGEN INACTIVATION

用于灭活病原体的新型超快激光技术

• 批准号: 8699831
• 负责人: Shaw-Wei David Tsen
• 金额: $ 4.27万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8699831
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Area; Bacteria; Biological Products; Blood; Blood Coagulation Factor; Blood Platelets; Blood Transfusion; Blood Volume; Blood-Borne Pathogens; Capsid; Capsid Proteins; Chemical Agents; Chemicals; Clinical; Coagulation Process; Detergents; Development; Disease; Donor Selection; Electron Microscopy; Emergency Situation; Ensure; Erythrocytes; Excision; Future; Goals; HIV; Heating; Hepatitis C virus; Human; Immunocompromised Host; Immunologic Tests; Infection; Lasers; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Medical; Medical Device; Medicine; Methods; Military Personnel; Modeling; Molecular; Mus; Nucleic Acids; One-Step dentin bonding system; Pharmacologic Substance; Plasma; Plasma Proteins; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Process; RNA; Relative (related person); Resistance; Resources; Risk; Safety; Sampling; Solutions; Solvents; Sterilization; Structure; Surgical Instruments; Surgical wound; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Transfusion; Translations; Ultraviolet Rays; United States; Vascular blood supply; Viral; Virus; Virus Inactivation; Visible Radiation; West Nile virus; Whole Blood; base; blood product; combat; cost; ionization; irradiation; killings; mouse model; novel; novel strategies; pathogen; screening; ultraviolet

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Pathogen reduction (PR) represents the ideal preemptive measure to ensure the safety of the blood supply. However, currently available PR technologies have concerns of clinical side effects, limiting their use in the United States. The ideal PR technology should be able to effectively kill a wide variety of pathogens without introducing chemical or biological agents, while retaining the function of the blood products. In this regard, ultrafast lasers represent a promising new chemical-free PR technology. The objective of the proposed studies is to establish an ultrafast laser PR technology for treatment of human plasma, and to determine the physical and molecular mechanisms by which ultrafast lasers kill pathogens. The long-term goal of the proposed studies is to develop an ultrafast laser PR system applicable to plasma, platelets and red blood cells to provide safe transfusion worldwide. The specific aims of the project are: (1) To demonstrate ultrafast laser inactivation of West Nile virus (WNV), a model transfusion-transmitted pathogen; (2) To determine the physical and molecular basis of ultrafast laser-induced inactivation of pathogens; and (3) To determine efficacy of WNV inactivation in a mouse model of plasma transfusion. At the completion of the project, we expect to have made significant progress in the development of a new ultrafast laser technology for PR of plasma, amenable to use in a clinical setting. We anticipate translation of this technology soon to PR of platelets, RBCs, and whole blood in future studies. This technology will also be especially beneficial in military use, such as for emergency transfusions in the field, and low resource areas worldwide where screening and testing are not well established. To our knowledge, this is the first use of ultrafast lasers in the field of transfusio medicine and represents a new medical application for lasers. Continued exploration of this laser PR technology is expected to generate additional applications including sterilization of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, surgical wounds, and surgical instruments, and combating bioterror threats.

描述（由申请人提供）： 减少病原体（PR）是确保血液供应安全的理想预防措施。然而，目前可用的 PR 技术存在临床副作用，限制了其在美国的使用。理想的PR技术应该能够在不引入化学或生物制剂的情况下有效杀死多种病原体，同时保留血液制品的功能。在这方面，超快激光器代表了一种有前途的新型无化学 PR 技术。拟议研究的目的是建立一种超快激光 PR 技术来治疗 人类血浆，并确定超快激光杀死病原体的物理和分子机制。拟议研究的长期目标是开发一种适用于血浆、血小板和红细胞的超快激光PR系统，以在全球范围内提供安全输血。该项目的具体目标是：（1）演示超快激光灭活 西尼罗河病毒（WNV），一种典型的输血传播病原体； (2) To determine the physical and molecular basis of ultrafast laser-induced inactivation of pathogens; (3) 确定血浆输注小鼠模型中 WNV 灭活的效果。该项目完成后，我们预计将在开发用于血浆 PR 的新型超快激光技术方面取得重大进展，并适合在临床环境中使用。我们预计在未来的研究中这项技术很快会转化为血小板、红细胞和全血的 PR。这项技术在军事用途上也将特别有益，例如用于现场紧急输血，以及全世界筛查和测试尚未完善的资源匮乏地区。据我们所知，这是超快激光在输血医学领域的首次应用，代表了激光的新医疗应用。对这种激光 PR 技术的持续探索预计将产生更多应用，包括药品、医疗设备、手术伤口和手术器械的消毒，以及对抗生物恐怖威胁。