Project 3: An Integrated Geospatial & Epidemiological Study of Assoc.

项目 3：综合地理空间

• 批准号: 8375007
• 负责人: Xun Shi
• 金额: $ 5.03万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8375007
• 关键词: Animal Model; Area; Arsenic; Bangladesh; Biological Markers; Birth; Case-Control Studies; Child; Collaborations; Collection; Computer software; Congenital Abnormality; Data; Data Set; Databases; Detection; Disease; Economics; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Feasibility Studies; Hot Spot; Human; Individual; Information Systems; Investigation; Link; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Maps; Methodology; Minor; Modeling; Monitor; New England; New Hampshire; Pattern; Pilot Projects; Placenta; Population; Preparation; Prevention Research; Procedures; Radon; Resources; Risk; Sampling; Spatial Distribution; System; Testing; Variant; Water; Work; case control; design; disorder prevention; drinking water; high risk; multidisciplinary; novel strategies; programs

Arsenic readily crosses the placenta and is teratogenic in animal models. However, few epidemiologic studies exist on the potential teratogenic effects of arsenic in humans. Scant prior data from the US and emerging data from Bangladesh suggest a link between drinking water arsenic and occurrence of congenital anomalies. We propose to conduct a pilot study integrating geospatial and epidemiological data to characterize the spatial distribution of birth defect occurrence in New England in relation to environmental exposures, in particular inorganic arsenic. In this pilot study: 1) We will quantitatively characterize the spatial distribution of birth defect occurrence and determine the presence of any high-risk areas (i.e., birth defect hot spots); 2) We will quantitatively evaluate spatial associations between birth defect occurrence and water arsenic concentrations; 3) We will conduct a pilot case-control study (as a feasibility study) to investigate at the individual level the associations between birth defect occurrence and arsenic and other environmental exposures. Geocoded data on birth defect occurrences will be made available through the New Hampshire Birth Conditions Program. We will estimate drinking water arsenic exposure using public databases combined with a large data set of private water systems collected through epidemiologic studies in the state in collaboration with the USGS. We will test whether an excess in major and minor birth defects are associated with drinking water arsenic exposure using geographical information systems (GIS) and a specialized software package we designed for a previous study of radon and lung cancer to be extended as part of this pilot study. We will further assess the feasibility of conducting a case-control study of birth defects in the region (i.e., with the collection of individual biomarker data on arsenic), and conduct preliminary analyses of the arsenic-birth defects associations on an individual level. To our knowledge this will be the first attempt of this kind to investigate arsenic exposure and congenital anomalies in a US population.

砷很容易穿过胎盘，在动物模型中具有致畸性。然而，很少有流行病学 有关于砷对人体的潜在致畸作用的研究。来自美国的数据很少， 来自孟加拉国的新数据表明，饮用水砷与先天性 异常我们建议开展一项试点研究，将地理空间和流行病学数据结合起来， 描述新英格兰出生缺陷发生率的空间分布与环境的关系 特别是无机砷。在这项试点研究中：1）我们将定量表征空间 出生缺陷发生的分布并确定任何高风险区域的存在（即，出生缺陷热 2）我们将定量评估出生缺陷发生与水之间的空间关联 砷浓度; 3）我们将进行一项试点病例对照研究（作为可行性研究）， 在个体水平上探讨了砷等环境因素与出生缺陷发生的关系 暴露。关于出生缺陷发生率的地理编码数据将通过新罕布什尔州 出生条件计划。我们将使用公共数据库估计饮用水砷暴露 结合通过该州流行病学研究收集的大量私人供水系统数据， 与USGS合作。我们将测试是否有过多的重大和轻微出生缺陷， 使用地理信息系统（GIS）和 一个专门的软件包，我们设计了以前的研究氡和肺癌扩展为 这是试点研究的一部分。我们将进一步评估进行出生病例对照研究的可行性 区域中的缺陷（即，收集关于砷的个别生物标志物数据），并进行 对个体水平上砷与出生缺陷相关性的初步分析。据我们所知， 这将是首次尝试在美国调查砷暴露和先天性异常， 人口