Disruption of Host-Seeking Behavior in Anopheles Gambiae Mosquitoes using Odorant
使用气味剂破坏冈比亚按蚊的宿主寻找行为
基本信息
- 批准号:8507822
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 35.98万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-08-01 至 2014-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AfricaAgonistAirAnopheles GenusAnopheles gambiaeAreaBehaviorBehavioralBiological AssayCarbon DioxideCessation of lifeCharacteristicsChemicalsCollectionCuesCulicidaeDetectionDeteriorationDevelopmentDiseaseElectrophysiology (science)Environmental WindExhalationFemaleGoalsHealthHumanInsect RepellentsLeadLigandsMalariaMasksMediatingMethodsNeuronsOdorsParasitesPathway interactionsPlasmodium falciparumPlayPopulations at RiskProcessPropertyPublic HealthResearch InfrastructureRoleSafetySensorySimulateSkinSmell PerceptionSourceSurveillance MethodsSweatSweatingSystemTechnologyTestingVaccinesVector-transmitted infectious diseaseWorkbasebehavior testcheminformaticscostdesigndetectorimprovedinhibitor/antagonistland useneurophysiologynovelresponsevector
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The female Anopheles gambiae mosquito is an extremely efficient vector for the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum and transmits this deadly disease to nearly 500 million people, causing nearly 750,000 deaths every year. Since the mosquito relies primarily on the sense of smell to find a human host, the olfactory system is a prime target for development of strategies to disrupt contact between mosquitoes and humans. Current methods of control that exploit the mosquito olfactory system such as repellents applied to the skin like DEET and CO2-traps are not useful for the population at risk due to high costs, inconvenience of direct skin applications, and bulk. The goal of this proposal is to identify affordable, convenient, and safe odor-based applications that can be used in small quantities to protect a spatial area such as an abode from Anopheles mosquitoes, and design low-cost lures for traps. One of the primary cues that mosquitoes use from a distance is CO2 present in exhaled breath. As the mosquito navigates closer using the CO2 plumes, it is also thought to be attracted to skin and sweat associated odors. In this proposal we focus on the CO2-sensing neuron of Anopheles gambiae as a target for development of odor-mediated behavior disruption strategies. For this purpose we have developed an array of powerful technologies that involve neurophysiology, chemical- informatics, and behavioral analysis. First, we plan to investigate a novel observation that the CO2-sensing neuron is also involved in detecting human-skin odorants, presumably causing close-range attraction. Since little is understood about attraction towards skin, we expect our analyses to reveal mechanisms underlying this important behavioral process. Second, we plan to identify odorants that can mimic the olfactory activity of CO2, and test their utility in acting as efficient lures for traps.And third, we propose to identify odorants that can block detection of CO2 by either inhibiting the CO2-sensing neuron, or by "ultra-prolonged" activation of the neuron. These CO2-detection masking odors will be tested for the ability to protect a spatial area, such as a small abode, from
host-seeking Anopheles mosquitoes. Successful completion of this proposal will provide safe and affordable odorants that can reduce contact between humans and Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes.
描述(由申请人提供):雌性冈比亚按蚊是疟疾寄生虫恶性疟原虫的一种非常有效的媒介,并将这种致命的疾病传播给近5亿人,每年造成近75万人死亡。由于蚊子主要依靠嗅觉来寻找人类宿主,因此嗅觉系统是开发中断蚊子与人类之间接触的策略的主要目标。目前利用蚊子嗅觉系统的控制方法,如施用于皮肤的驱蚊剂如DEET和CO2捕集器,由于成本高、直接皮肤施用不方便和体积大,对处于危险中的人群没有用。该提案的目标是确定可负担得起的,方便的,安全的基于气味的应用程序,可以少量使用,以保护空间区域,如住所免受按蚊的侵害,并设计低成本的诱捕器。蚊子从远处使用的主要线索之一是呼出的二氧化碳。当蚊子利用二氧化碳羽流靠近时,它也被认为是被皮肤和汗液相关的气味所吸引。在这个建议中,我们专注于冈比亚按蚊的CO2感应神经元作为目标的气味介导的行为中断策略的发展。为此,我们开发了一系列强大的技术,包括神经生理学、化学信息学和行为分析。首先,我们计划研究一个新的观察结果,即二氧化碳传感神经元也参与检测人类皮肤气味,可能会引起近距离的吸引。由于对皮肤的吸引力知之甚少,我们希望我们的分析能够揭示这一重要行为过程的机制。第二,我们计划识别出能够模拟CO2嗅觉活动的气味剂,并测试它们作为陷阱有效诱饵的效用;第三,我们提出识别出能够通过抑制CO2感知神经元或通过“超长时间”激活神经元来阻断CO2检测的气味剂。这些CO2检测掩蔽气味将被测试用于保护空间区域(例如小住所)免受
寻找宿主的按蚊这项提案的成功完成将提供安全和负担得起的气味剂,可以减少人类与冈比亚按蚊之间的接触。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
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