Perceptions Regarding Sexual Health and HIV Risk Among Female Farmworkers

对女性农场工人性健康和艾滋病毒风险的看法

• 批准号: 8309633
• 负责人: Cynthia Ruth Albarran
• 金额: $ 3.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-03 至 2014-09-02
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8309633
• 关键词: Belief; Country; Discipline of Nursing; Female; Foundations; Gender; Gender Role; General Population; HIV; HIV Infections; Health; Health Services; Intervention; Intrinsic factor; Knowledge; Life; Life Change Events; Mainstreaming; Mediation; Mexican; Mexico; Nomads; Perception; Population; Research; Resources; Risk; Sexual Health; Social support; Societies; Time; United States; Voice; Woman; cultural values; experience; family structure; farm worker; high risk; intimate partner violence; male; migration; prevention service; risk perception; rural area; sex; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Farm workers living in the United States (US) carry a burden of HIV infection that is 10 times that of the general population. Migrant farm workers (MFW) who come from Mexico to the U live in rural areas, are marginalized from mainstream society, are commonly undocumented, and often lack access to necessary health and prevention services. Females MFW in particular comprise a unique group that experience high risk of HIV infection. This sexual risk is related to the threat of intimate partner violence, low social support, low HIV knowledge, high-risk partners, and in particular, cultural norms that may influence relationship power and the ability to negotiate for protective sex in the face of infidelty. HIV risk is closely tied to interpersonal power dynamics and patriarchal ideologies that can influence relationships. Moreover, migration to a new country is a life-changing event that can alter family structure and bring about changes in cultural values and beliefs, which could be harmful or protective in relation to sexual risk. Although a number of studies have investigated HIV risk among male MFW, very little research has approached the topic of sexual health for female MFW. Therefore, understanding the perceived sexual risks and strategies used to maintain sexual health by female MFW who were born in Mexico will assist in understanding what personal factors (intrinsic strengths) and which resources (physical resources, material resources, financial resources, supportive resources, relational resources, etc.) help recent migrants to maintain sexual health. Moreover, this research will form a foundation for planning population-specific and culture-appropriate interventions for female MFW. The specific aims of this study are: 1) To describe the perceptions and experiences of female MFW of Mexican descent in relation to their health risks: 2) To Identify the beliefs/values about culture, migration, gender roles, and power that are related to sexual health risks for female MFW of Mexican Descent: 3) To describe what resources and self-protective factors female MFW of Mexican descent use to mitigate these perceived risks: and 4) To generate a theoretical framework that is grounded in the voices and narratives of female MFW of Mexican descent regarding their experiences and perspectives on sexual health, power relations, and self-protective strategies. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Migrant farm-workers in the United States carry a burden of HIV infection that is 10 times that of the general population, and farm-worker women are particularly at risk for HIV in relation to interpersonal power dynamics, gendered social norms, and cultural beliefs about sexual health and nursing knowledge regarding appropriate interventions to increase the health and well being of this group. This qualitative study will focs on examining perceptions of risk and self-protective strategies and resources used by farm-workers women to maintain sexual health.

描述（由申请人提供）：生活在美国的农场工人携带的艾滋病毒感染负担是普通人群的10倍。 从墨西哥到美国的移民农场工人（MFW）生活在农村地区，被主流社会边缘化，通常没有证件，并且经常无法获得必要的健康和预防服务。尤其是女性MFW是一个独特的群体，感染艾滋病毒的风险很高。这种性风险与亲密伴侣暴力的威胁、社会支持不足、艾滋病毒知识不足、高风险伴侣有关，特别是可能影响关系权力和在面对不安全时谈判保护性行为的能力的文化规范。 艾滋病毒风险与人际权力动态和可能影响人际关系的重男轻女意识形态密切相关。 此外，移徙到一个新的国家是一个改变生活的事件，可以改变家庭结构，带来文化价值观和信仰的变化，这可能是有害的，也可能是保护性风险的。 虽然一些研究调查了男性MFW中的艾滋病毒风险，但很少有研究涉及女性MFW的性健康问题。 因此，了解感知的性风险和策略，用于保持性健康的女性MFW谁出生在墨西哥将有助于了解什么样的个人因素（内在优势）和资源（物理资源，物质资源，财政资源，支持资源，关系资源等）。帮助新移民保持性健康。 此外，这项研究将为规划针对特定人群和文化的女性MFW干预措施奠定基础。 这项研究的具体目的是：1）描述墨西哥裔女性MFW对其健康风险的看法和经历：2）确定与墨西哥裔女性MFW性健康风险有关的文化、移民、性别角色和权力的信念/价值观：3）描述墨西哥裔女性MFW使用哪些资源和自我保护因素来减轻这些感知的风险：（4）建立一个理论框架，该框架以墨西哥裔女性家庭佣工的声音和叙述为基础，涉及她们在性健康、权力关系和自我保护战略方面的经验和观点。 公共卫生相关性：在美国，移民农场工人的艾滋病毒感染负担是一般人口的10倍，而农场工人妇女在人际权力动态、性别化的社会规范、关于性健康的文化信念以及关于适当干预措施以增加这一群体的健康和福祉的护理知识方面，特别容易感染艾滋病毒。 这项定性研究的重点是检查风险的看法和自我保护的战略和资源所使用的农场工人的妇女，以保持性健康。