Age effects on episodic memory: Neuropsychology, electrophysiology, and modeling

年龄对情景记忆的影响：神经心理学、电生理学和建模

• 批准号: 8367484
• 负责人: Anjali Thapar
• 金额: $ 34.64万
• 依托单位: BRYN MAWR COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-30 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8367484
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Age; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Behavioral; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Data; Data Set; Databases; Diffusion; Dissociation; Elderly; Electrophysiology (science); Episodic memory; Event-Related Potentials; Familiarity; Goals; Impairment; Individual Differences; Information Retrieval; Judgment; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Memory; Memory impairment; Modeling; Nature; Neuropsychology; Participant; Performance; Phase; Process; Process Assessment; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Retrieval; Role; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Variant; age effect; age related; aging brain; base; behavior measurement; design; frontal lobe; frontal lobe function; indexing; innovation; insight; large-scale database; memory process; memory recognition; neuropsychological; relating to nervous system; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of the proposed project is to study how episodic memory changes with frontal-lobe (FL) and medial-temporal lobe (MTL) functioning during normal adult aging. Towards this end, we will apply three complimentary approaches involving (1) a neuropsychological battery designed to be sensitive to FL and MTL functioning, (2) event-related potential (ERP) measures, and (3) cognitive-process modeling, including a) hierarchical models of memory (with single- and dual-process accounts as special cases), and b) Ratcliff's diffusion model (1978). Young and older adult participants will complete a neuropsychological battery and two recognition memory tasks (an associative memory and a remember-know task). The battery will be used to characterize the FL and MTL functioning (high or low for each) of both young and older adult participants, behavioral measures (accuracy, response time, and confidence ratings) will be obtained for each participant in both memory tasks, and ERPs will be recorded during both the encoding and retrieval phases of the remember-know task. The ERPs will be used to examine the electrophysiological signatures of different retrieval processes (familiarity-based, recollection-based, overall old/new judgment) and the encoding that leads to these retrieval differences in all participant groups (young or older adults with high or low FL/MTL function). The hierarchical and diffusion models will be fit t the behavioral data to characterize the effects of age and FL/MTL function on associative and item recognition, as well as on recollection- and familiarity-based judgments. The specific aims of the proposed research are to (1) disentangle effects of the different aging trajectories on episodic memory from age-independent effects of high vs. low FL and MTL functioning, (2) examine the influence of FL and MTL functioning and age on ERP indices of old-new memory effects, as well as recognition judgments based on recollection and familiarity, during encoding and retrieval, (3) examine encoding and retrieval phase ERP indices of recollection and familiarity while controlling for mnemonic strength, (4) develop and apply hierarchical process models to study effects of age and FL/MTL function in episodic memory for associative and item information and for recollection- and familiarity-based processes, and (5) apply the diffusion model to characterize the nature of age- and FL/MTL-related impairments in episodic memory for associative and item information and for recollection and familiarity. In summary, the proposed project will provide a rich dataset to test hypotheses concerning the relationship between FL/MTL functioning and episodic memory in younger and older adults. It also contains a number of innovations involving multiple methodological approaches. The results will contribute to a deeper and more integrated understanding of age-related changes and individual differences in episodic memory. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Lapses in memory are one of the most prevalent and noticeable changes associated with aging. The proposed research will employ behavioral, neuropsychological, electrophysiological, and formal computational approaches to study how episodic memory changes with adult aging and frontal-lobe and medial-temporal lobe functioning. By contributing towards a deeper and more integrated understanding of these changes, the results should help address a pervasive and debilitating problem of cognitive aging.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议项目的总体目标是研究在正常成人衰老过程中情景记忆如何随着额叶（FL）和内侧颞叶（MTL）功能而变化。为此，我们将应用三种互补的方法，包括（1）设计对 FL 和 MTL 功能敏感的神经心理学电池，（2）事件相关电位（ERP）测量，以及（3）认知过程建模，包括 a）记忆的分层模型（单过程和双过程帐户作为特殊情况），b）Ratcliff 的扩散模型（1978）。年轻人和老年人参与者将完成神经心理学电池和两项识别记忆任务（联想记忆和记住知道任务）。该电池将用于表征年轻和老年参与者的 FL 和 MTL 功能（各自的高或低），将获得每个记忆任务中每个参与者的行为测量（准确性、响应时间和置信度），并且将在记住-知道任务的编码和检索阶段记录 ERP。 ERP 将用于检查不同检索过程的电生理学特征（基于熟悉度、基于回忆、整体旧/新判断）以及导致所有参与者组（具有高或低 FL/MTL 功能的年轻人或老年人）中这些检索差异的编码。分层模型和扩散模型将适合行为数据，以表征年龄和 FL/MTL 功能对联想和项目识别以及基于回忆和熟悉度的判断的影响。本研究的具体目的是（1）将不同衰老轨迹对情景记忆的影响与高与低 FL 和 MTL 功能的与年龄无关的影响分开，（2）检查 FL 和 MTL 功能和年龄对编码和检索过程中新旧记忆效应的 ERP 指数的影响，以及基于回忆和熟悉度的识别判断，​​（3）检查编码和检索阶段 回忆和熟悉度的 ERP 指数，同时控制助记强度，（4）开发和应用分层过程模型来研究情景记忆中年龄和 FL/MTL 功能对联想和项目信息以及基于回忆和熟悉度的过程的影响，以及（5）应用扩散模型来表征情景记忆中与年龄和 FL/MTL 相关的损伤的性质，对联想和项目信息以及回忆和记忆 熟悉度。总之，拟议的项目将提供丰富的数据集来测试有关年轻人和老年人的 FL/MTL 功能与情景记忆之间关系的假设。它还包含许多涉及多种方法的创新。研究结果将有助于更深入、更全面地理解与年龄相关的变化和情景记忆的个体差异。 公共健康相关性：记忆力减退是与衰老相关的最普遍和最明显的变化之一。拟议的研究将采用行为、神经心理学、电生理学和形式计算方法来研究情景记忆如何随着成人衰老以及额叶和内侧颞叶功能而变化。通过有助于对这些变化进行更深入、更全面的理解，研究结果应有助于解决认知老化这一普遍且令人衰弱的问题。