Systems Analysis of Inflammatory Pathways in HIV Infection

项目总结/摘要 该项目的总体目标是了解免疫调节网络和控制免疫系统的途径。 炎症和抗病毒免疫反应的HIV感染者的抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）。 尽管有ART，慢性炎症仍然是HIV感染的标志，可以预测疾病 进展和其他不良后果。在初步研究中，我们鉴定了单核细胞转录组， 预测保护性抗病毒反应与非保护性炎症反应的特征， 艾滋病毒感染者的治疗中断。然后，我们使用生物信息学软件来预测免疫 网络和炎症通路与炎症细胞因子产生和临床 结果。我们假设，由于肠道受损，再加上 特异性促炎细胞因子PD 1/PDL-1和其他未知的宿主因子促进炎症 通过单核细胞驱动的途径， 控制炎症反应和抗病毒反应之间的平衡。辅酶A通过以下方式改变这些途径： 调节IDO/色氨酸代谢途径和先天免疫应答，促进病理性 炎症、先天免疫应答功能障碍和HIV复制。为了研究这个假设，我们 将使用系统生物学方法分析来自HIV的大规模临床，生物学和组学数据集- 不同临床结果的受试者。综合分析，网络扰动，并有针对性地 实验将用于计算建立网络和路径的模型， 炎症与抗病毒反应。这些研究将提供深入了解机制， 炎症和免疫反应，这可能有助于开发新的治疗策略， 改善艾滋病毒感染人群的临床结果。

Project Summary/Abstract The overall goal of this project is to understand immune regulatory networks and pathways that control inflammation and antiviral immune responses in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite ART, chronic inflammation continues to be a hallmark of HIV infection that predicts disease progression and other adverse outcomes. In preliminary studies, we identified monocyte transcriptome signatures that predict protective antiviral responses versus nonprotective inflammatory responses during treatment interruption in HIV-infected individuals. We then used bioinformatic software to predict immune networks and inflammatory pathways linked to differences in inflammatory cytokine production and clinical outcomes. We hypothesize that circulating microbial products due to a leaky damaged gut, in combination with specific proinflammatory cytokines, PD1/PDL-1, and other as yet unknown host factors, promote inflammation and dysfunctional immune responses in HIV-infected individuals on ART through monocyte-driven pathways that control the balance between inflammatory versus antiviral responses. Cocaine alters these pathways by modulating the IDO/tryptophan metabolism pathway and innate immune responses, promoting pathological inflammation, dysfunctional innate immune responses, and HIV replication. To investigate this hypothesis, we will use systems biology approaches to analyze large-scale clinical, biological, and 'omics datasets from HIV- infected subjects with different clinical outcomes. Integrative analysis, network perturbations, and targeted experimentation will be used to computationally build models of networks and pathways that control inflammatory versus antiviral responses. These studies will provide insights into mechanisms that control inflammation and immune responses, which may be helpful for development of new therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes in HIV-infected populations.