Sustaining Populations and Landscapes at Risk: Adaptation in American Grasslands

维持面临风险的人口和景观：美国草原的适应

• 批准号: 8471741
• 负责人: KENNETH M SYLVESTER
• 金额: $ 18.45万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8471741
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Africa; Age; Aging; Agriculture; American; Area; Asia; Attention; Capital; Censuses; Climate; Collection; Communities; Complex; County; Coupled; Data; Data Set; Databases; Droughts; Dust; Economic Conditions; Economic Factors; Economics; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Event; Farming environment; Global Change; Goals; Government Programs; Grasslands; Growth; Household; Housing; Human; Individual; Kansas; Knowledge; Labor Forces; Latin America; Link; Living Standards; Location; Marketing; Measures; Memory; Ownership; Pattern; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Physical environment; Policies; Population; Population Process; Precipitation; Price; Public Health; Readiness; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Reporting; Reproduction; Request for Applications; Research; Resolution; Resources; Risk; Risk-Taking; Running; Science; Series; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Social Environment; Social Sciences; Soil; Source; Stress; Structure; Surveys; System; Technology; Temperature; Testing; Time; United States; War; Weather; base; climate change; court; data structure; digital; environmental change; experience; farmer; human capital; human migration; indexing; intergenerational; land cover; land use; life history; longitudinal database; metropolitan; migration; pressure; reconstruction; response; social; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Few events are as important to global understanding of human-induced environmental change as the American Dust Bowl. This application requests support to explore the relationship between environment and population loss in the American grasslands by developing a rich integration of information on human- environment systems. It extends a focus on measuring individual and household level change in new settlement areas, to the analysis of mature communities under conditions of climate stress and globalization. By implication, this approach demands a greater realism in understanding the economic factors and a long run view of the dynamics of change. To study the vulnerability of people and landscapes under stress, the project will pilot the creation a one-of-a-kind dataset on people, farms and landscapes: gathering individual level information from Kansas State agricultural census rolls, land parcel and mortgage lending information from deed registers, land cover data from a time series of aerial photographs, soil quality from digital soil surveys, and weather data from historical climate datasets. As drought revisited the region in the 1950s and 1970s, the State of Kansas continued to conduct annual censuses of agriculture. The proposed dataset will be the first of its kind to develop high-resolution multigenerational histories of population and land use change and integrate them with spatially explicit information on land cover, soil quality, climate, capital formation, market prices and participation in government programs. This synthetic approach will allow for the testing of the hypotheses from both household-centered and vulnerability-assessment theory about the impact of population loss on livelihood strategies and adaptive capacity, and contribute to the broader science of identifying thresholds of change in human-environment systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：很少有事件像美国沙尘暴那样对全球人类引起的环境变化的理解如此重要。该应用程序要求支持通过开发人类-环境系统的丰富信息集成来探索美国草原环境与人口损失之间的关系。它将重点扩展到衡量新定居区的个人和家庭层面的变化，以及在气候压力和全球化条件下对成熟社区的分析。这意味着，这种方法需要更现实地理解经济因素和长期的动态变化。为了研究人类和景观在压力下的脆弱性，该项目将试点创建一个关于人类、农场和景观的独一无二的数据集：从堪萨斯州农业普查卷收集个人水平的信息，从契约登记簿收集地块和抵押贷款信息，从航空照片的时间序列收集土地覆盖数据，从数字土壤调查收集土壤质量，和历史气候数据集的天气数据。随着20世纪50年代和70年代干旱再次降临该地区，堪萨斯州继续进行年度农业普查。拟议的数据集将是第一个开发高分辨率多代人口和土地利用变化历史的数据集，并将其与土地覆盖、土壤质量 气候、资本形成、市场价格和参与政府计划。这种综合方法将允许测试假设从家庭为中心的和可行性评估理论的影响，人口损失的生计战略和适应能力，并有助于更广泛的科学确定阈值的变化在人类环境系统。