Basic Research Support for the CCR

基础研究计划 (BRP) 为 NCI 癌症研究中心 (CCR) 提供科学和技术专业知识，涉及的领域包括癌症和人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)/后天免疫缺陷综合征 (AIDS)，以及癌症、传染病和自身免疫性疾病的基本细胞过程。 BRP 支持的研究主题包括： - 研究在各种肿瘤模型中单独使用新型分子靶向癌症疗法或与免疫疗法联合使用的方法（分子免疫疗法部分，癌症和炎症项目）。 -了解人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) I 类和 II 类基因所赋予的疾病抵抗力或易感性的遗传基础，这些基因在先天免疫反应中发挥着核心作用（HLA 免疫遗传学部分，癌症和炎症项目）。 -研究白细胞介素7 (IL-7)等细胞因子在T淋巴细胞和自然杀伤(NK)细胞谱系发育中的作用及其在促进细胞存活、终末分化和细胞凋亡中的作用（免疫细胞因子研究部分，癌症和炎症项目）。 -检查树突状细胞、其他先天性或适应性效应细胞类型以及促炎或免疫调节细胞因子在癌发生和癌症治疗中的作用（癌症免疫生物学部分，癌症和炎症计划）。 -识别和定义调节造血干细胞谱系定型和终末分化的分子事件（造血和干细胞生物学部分，癌症预防实验室）。 -定义来自前列腺癌、乳腺癌、神经胶质瘤和肾细胞癌的癌症干细胞的细胞表面标志物、转移能力以及生长和自我更新的途径（癌症预防实验室癌症干细胞科）。 -研究表观遗传调控在细胞分化、胚胎发育和肿瘤发生中的作用（表观遗传学组，癌症预防实验室）。 -了解糖基转移酶的结构和功能，开发用于靶向药物输送的新型糖基转移酶和用于医学成像的造影剂（结构糖生物学部分，CCR 纳米生物学计划）。 -开发高效、最先进的算法来发现蛋白质的结构模式并预测分子关联（即蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用），以支持癌症诊断、治疗和预防的纳米设计（计算结构生物学组、CCR 纳米生物学计划）。 -支持生物测定开发和筛选、天然产物化学、蛋白质化学、分子生物学和高内涵细胞成像，以促进多学科、分子目标发现研究（分子目标实验室）。 -为表征生物调节剂一氧化氮（NO）与有机化合物的反应的研究提供基础和应用化学支持（化学生物学实验室化学部分）。 -肾癌易感基因的发现和表征（泌尿肿瘤学研究组，泌尿肿瘤学分会）。

The Basic Research Program (BRP) provides scientific and technical expertise to NCI's Center for Cancer Research (CCR) in areas ranging from cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), to the basic cellular processes underlying cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders. Research topics supported by the BRP include: -Investigating ways in which novel, molecularly targeted cancer therapies can be used alone or in combination with immunotherapy in various tumor models (Molecular Immunotherapy Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Understanding the genetic basis for resistance or susceptibility to disease conferred by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II genes, which have a central role in the innate immune response (HLA Immunogenetics Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Investigating the role of cytokines such as interleukin-7 (IL-7) in the development of T lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell lineages and their role in promoting cell survival, terminal differentiation, and apoptotic cell death (Immunological Cytokine Research Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Examining the role of dendritic cells, other innate or adaptive effector cell types, and proinflammatory or immunoregulatory cytokines on carcinogenesis and cancer therapy (Cancer Immunobiology Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program). -Identifying and defining the molecular events that regulate lineage commitment and terminal differentiation of hemotopoietic stem cells (Hematopoiesis and Stem Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention). -Defining the cell surface markers, metastasis ability, and pathways for growth and self-renewal, of cancer stem cells from prostate, breast, glioma, and renal cell carcinomas (Cancer Stem Cell Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention). -Studying the role that epigenetic regulation plays in cellular differentiation, embryonic development, and tumorigenesis (Epigenetics Group, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention). -Understanding the structure and function of glycosyltransferases and developing novel glycosyltransferases for targeted drug delivery and contrast agents for medical imaging (Structural Glycobiology Section, CCR Nanobiology Program). -Developing highly efficient, state-of-the-art algorithms to discover the structural patterns of proteins and predict molecular associations (i.e., protein-protein interactions) in support of nanodesign for cancer diagnosis, therapy, and prevention (Computational Structural Biology Group, CCR Nanobiology Program). -Support in bioassay development and screening, natural products chemistry, protein chemistry, molecular biology, and high-content cellular imaging to facilitate multidisciplinary, molecular targets discovery research (Molecular Targets Laboratory). -Basic and applied chemistry support for studies characterizing the reactions of the bioregulatory agent nitric oxide (NO) with organic compounds (Chemistry Section, Chemical Biology Laboratory). -Discovery and characterization of renal carcinoma susceptibility genes (Urologic Oncology Research Group, Urologic Oncology Branch).