Emotions and Choice: Mechanisms of Behavior Change

项目摘要 拟议研究的目标是了解和开发成功的方法 行为改变，可以帮助治疗依从性广泛适用于一系列健康 问题，以及针对以糟糕选择为特征的疾病的具体治疗， 比如肥胖和上瘾。为了实现这一目标，我们将结合技术和 来自神经经济学和情感神经科学的见解。具体地说，我们将使用 分离和量化特定个体的行为经济学范式和模型 影响决策的因素，包括未来奖励的比率 价值贴现以及评估价值时对损失或风险的相对敏感性。我们 会将这些特定的决策变量与情绪的特定成分联系起来，这可能 参与价值计算，例如对损失或收益的唤醒反应。我们 然后将以情感神经科学的最新进展为基础，检查改变的手段 情绪--包括认知情绪调节技术和药理学 操作--探索这些操作如何影响不同的决策变量。最后，我们 将研究另一种已知的影响健康的常见情绪反应 决策，即压力，既改变了具体的决策变量，也改变了 用于改变情绪反应和选择的拟议技术的有效性 行为。

Project Summary The goal of the proposed research is to understand and develop successful means of behavior change that could assist in treatment compliance broadly for a range of health problems, as well as specific treatments for disorders characterized by poor choices, such as obesity and addiction. To achieve this goal, we will combine techniques and insights from neuroeconomics and affective neuroscience. Specifically, we will use behavioral economic paradigms and models to isolate and quantify specific individual factors that influence decisions, including the rate at which future rewards are discounted in value and the relative sensitivity to loss or risk when assessing value. We will link these specific decision variables to specific components of emotion that may contribute to the value computation, such as the arousal response to a loss or gain. We will then build on recent advances in affective neuroscience examining means to change emotion -- including cognitive emotion regulation techniques and pharmacological manipulations - to explore how these impact the different decision variables. Finally, we will examine how another common emotional response known to impact health decisions, namely stress, alters both the specific decision variables and the effectiveness of the proposed techniques used to alter emotional responses and choice behavior.