Sleep and Health in the Social Environment

社会环境中的睡眠与健康

• 批准号: 8551670
• 负责人: Michael A Grandner
• 金额: $ 19.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-26 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8551670
• 关键词: Accidents; Address; Adult; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; American; Anxiety; Area; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Biological; Blood; Body mass index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Cause of Death; Cereals; Child; Cognitive; Communities; Commuting; Complement; Crime; Crowding; Data; Databases; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dyslipidemias; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Family; General Population; Genetic; Goals; Health; Health Diary; Health Priorities; Health Status; Health behavior; Healthy People 2020; Heart; Hip region structure; Home environment; Hour; Hypertension; Impaired health; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Light; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Methods; Moods; Neighborhoods; Noise; Obesity; Occupational; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Physical activity; Physical environment; Physiological Processes; Platelet Factor 4; Population; Population Density; Prospective Studies; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Respondent; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Schedule; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep Disorders; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social isolation; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Spouses; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; Temperature; Testing; Time; Violence; Weight Gain; Work; Wrist; actigraphy; base; behavior influence; cost; diaries; diet and exercise; indexing; low socioeconomic status; modifiable risk; mortality; novel strategies; pet animal; programs; prospective; public health relevance; research study; sensor; shift work; social; social stress; socioeconomics; successful intervention; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sleep duration represents a biological imperative that is influenced by an interaction of social, behavioral and environmental factors. Behavioral factors include habitual sleep timing as well as other socially-influenced behaviors that engage physiological processes promoting or impairing sleep. Factors in the social environment include the home, work and other social influences on an individual's sleep schedule that may or may not be line with normal biological imperatives, as well as aspects of the physical environment that may interfere with sleep. Very little research has explored the impact of health behaviors (diet, physical activity, and substance use), social factors (family status, social functioning, isolation, and stress), or the physical environment (neighborhood and sleeping environment) as pathways to reduced sleep time. In addition, studies that have examined these factors typically explored sleep using broad survey items, rather than validated methods. Accordingly, a 2-Phase protocol will be deployed to address these issues. Phase 1 involves an online survey of n=1000 adults, using validated measures to assess sleep in the context of general health (obesity, functioning and mood), healthy behaviors (diet, physical activity, and substance use) and social factors (work and home social and social demands, functioning, isolation). These individual-level data will be merged with data neighborhood-level obtained through existing geospatial databases. This will allow for evaluation of whether individual-level sleep variables are associated with area-level measures (derived using respondents' address) of neighborhood variables, including population density, socioeconomic status, social isolation, traffic, noise, an crime/violence, and whether external sources of information predict sleep duration over and above individual-level measures. Phase 2 will consist of an intensive, prospective analysis of a subgroup of n=90 from the survey sample (n=30 each of <5, 5-6, and 7-8 hours of habitual sleep). This assessment will include objective measures of sleep (wrist actigraphy), health status (e.g., body mass index, blood-based measures), physical activity (hip actigraphy), and the sleeping environment (sensors for light, temperature, and noise). Daily diaries will assess sleep, diet, physical activity, substance use, social interactions, and the sleeping environment. The overall goal of this study is to assess the relative contributions of behavior, social, and factors on sleep of environmental habitual duration, employing multimodal assessments all domains, and leveraging novel approaches, such as geospatial analyses. As insufficient sleep duration is an important public health problem, the eventual goal of developing interventions to address this problem cannot be reached until we better understand (1) which factors need to be part of an intervention, (2) where interventions should be targeted, and (3) what types of assessments capture the relevant social and environmental features. The present exploratory/developmental research study will address these important issues and initiate a program of research developing and implementing successful interventions for insufficient sleep in the general population.

描述（由申请人提供）：睡眠时间代表了一种生物学必要性，它受到社会、行为和环境因素相互作用的影响。行为因素包括习惯性睡眠时间以及其他参与促进或损害睡眠的生理过程的社会影响行为。社会环境中的因素包括家庭、工作和其他社会因素对个人睡眠时间表的影响，这些因素可能符合或不符合正常的生物学要求，以及可能干扰睡眠的物理环境方面。很少有研究探讨健康行为（饮食，体育活动和物质使用），社会因素（家庭状况，社会功能，孤立和压力）或物理环境（邻居和睡眠环境）作为减少睡眠时间的途径的影响。此外，研究这些因素的研究通常使用广泛的调查项目来探索睡眠，而不是验证方法。因此，将部署两阶段方案来解决这些问题。第1阶段涉及对n=1000名成年人的在线调查，使用经过验证的测量方法在一般健康（肥胖，功能和情绪），健康行为（饮食，体育活动和物质使用）和社会因素（工作和家庭社会和社会需求，功能，隔离）的背景下评估睡眠。这些个人层面的数据将与通过现有地理空间数据库获得的街区层面的数据合并。这将允许评估个人水平的睡眠变量是否与社区变量的区域水平测量（使用受访者的地址导出）相关，包括人口密度，社会经济地位，社会隔离，交通，噪音，犯罪/暴力，以及外部信息来源是否预测睡眠持续时间超过个人水平测量。第2阶段将包括对来自调查样本的n=90的亚组（<5、5-6和7-8小时的习惯性睡眠中的每一个n=30）进行密集的前瞻性分析。该评估将包括睡眠的客观测量（腕动记录）、健康状况（例如，身体质量指数、基于血液的测量）、身体活动（髋关节活动记录仪）和睡眠环境（用于光、温度和噪声的传感器）。每日日记将评估睡眠，饮食，身体活动，物质使用，社会交往和睡眠环境。本研究的总体目标是评估行为，社会和环境习惯持续时间的睡眠因素的相对贡献，采用多模态评估所有领域，并利用新的方法，如地理空间分析。由于睡眠时间不足是一个重要的公共卫生问题，开发干预措施以解决这一问题的最终目标无法实现，直到我们更好地了解（1）哪些因素需要成为干预措施的一部分，（2）干预措施应该针对哪些方面，以及（3）什么类型的评估可以捕获相关的社会和环境特征。目前的探索性/发展性研究将解决这些重要问题，并启动一项研究计划，开发和实施针对普通人群睡眠不足的成功干预措施。

项目成果

Alcohol Dependence and Its Relationship With Insomnia and Other Sleep Disorders.

• DOI: 10.1111/acer.13217
• 发表时间: 2016-11
• 期刊: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
• 作者: Chakravorty S;Chaudhary NS;Brower KJ
• 通讯作者: Brower KJ