The Role of Contingency Management in Waterpipe Smoking Cessation

项目摘要/摘要 在美国，烟草使用每年导致50多万人死亡。虽然使用了 香烟减少了，其他烟草产品的使用保持稳定。水管 在美国，吸烟是继香烟之后的一种常见的烟草吸烟形式(Aki等人，2011年； Primack等人，2008年)。事实上，美国肺脏协会在2007年发布了一项政策警报，以 警告消费者注意21世纪第一个烟草新趋势(美国肺脏) 协会，2007年)。很少有关于水烟斗吸烟的研究来调查它 有害的影响。此外，还没有已知的研究评估吸烟的治疗方法。 水烟吸烟者戒烟。该项目包括两个部分：1)职业发展和培训 公共卫生护士科学家培养必要的研究技能和背景 围绕水烟道防吸烟和2)和 模拟研究测试应急管理(CM)在促进戒烟方面的作用 用唾液可替宁验证水烟抽5周和自我报告的特征 尼古丁戒断症状。基于在短时间内令人震惊的增长率 水烟斗吸烟，亟需临床研究探讨治疗方法 针对水烟斗吸烟者的戒烟方法。考虑到这个角色的证据 中药在促进多种药物戒断方面的作用，探讨中药在戒毒中的作用 及时戒烟很重要(Higgins等人，1996；Roll等人，2000； Shoptaw等人，2002年)。虽然尼古丁替代疗法(NRT)是主要的治疗方法 为了治疗通过香烟传递的尼古丁依赖，间歇性使用模式 水管吸烟的特征提示CM在促进水管吸烟方面可能更有效 戒烟(Wagner，2000)。最终，这一系列研究将有助于公共健康 护士通过创新的治疗方法改善公众的健康 水烟，是实现烟草目标的重要和及时的一步 为健康的人2020。为此，本研究中产生的基于证据的知识 可协助将治疗计划转化为公共卫生实践。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Tobacco use kills more than 500,000 people in the United States each year. Although the use of cigarettes has declined, the use of other tobacco products has remained steady. Waterpipe smoking is a common form of tobacco smoking after cigarettes in the U.S. (Aki et al., 2011; Primack et al., 2008). In fact, in 2007 the American Lung Association issued a policy alert to warn consumers about this first new tobacco trend of the 21st century (American Lung Association, 2007). Few studies have been conducted on waterpipe smoking to investigate its harmful effects. Furthermore, no known studies have evaluated treatments for smoking cessation in waterpipe smokers. This project has two parts: 1) career development and training of a public health nurse scientist to build the research skills and background necessary to conduct innovative and rigorous research around waterpipe smoking prevention and 2) an analog study to test the role of contingency management (CM) in promoting abstinence from waterpipe smoking for 5 weeks verified by salivary cotinine and to characterize self-reported nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Based on the alarming growth rate over a short period of time in waterpipe tobacco smoking, there is a critical need for clinical research to investigate treatment modalities targeting smoking cessation for waterpipe smokers. Given the evidence for the role of CM in promoting abstinence from many types of drug use, investigation of the utility of CM for waterpipe smoking cessation is important and timely (Higgins et al., 1996; Roll et al., 2000; Shoptaw et al., 2002). Although Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) is the mainstay treatment for treating nicotine dependence delivered through cigarettes, the intermittent use patterns that characterize waterpipe smoking suggest that CM may be more effective in promoting waterpipe smoking cessation (Wagner, 2000). Ultimately, this line of research will help public health nurses to improve the health of the public through an innovative approach to treatment of waterpipe smoking and is an important and timely step towards meeting the tobacco objective for Healthy People 2020. To this end, the evidence based knowledge generated in this study may assist in the translation of the treatment program into public health practice.