Reading processes in skilled and less skilled profoundly deaf adult readers

项目摘要 拟议项目的目标是更好地了解如何严重和 使用美国手语作为主要交流方式的重度失聪读者 模式进程编写语言。在过去的几十年里，事实表明， 失聪人群的听力水平明显低于听力正常人群， 同行对聋人高中毕业生样本的大规模研究表明， rd th 显示阅读水平的中位数约为3 - 4年级， 被测试的成年聋人是强大的阅读者，其阅读水平与 他们的听力同行（Gallaudet研究所，2004年）。 与听力读者的研究提供了一个深入的认知图片 熟练阅读的基本过程（Rayner等，2001;综述）。聋人研究 然而，读者还没有完全探索熟练的阅读是如何发生的。大部分 对聋人读者进行的研究集中在少数人经历的问题上。 熟练的读者（Kelly & Barac-Cikoja，2007）。重要的是，很少有研究 系统控制阅读水平，比较熟练和不熟练的阅读， 聋人参与者熟练的聋人读者只占聋人的一小部分 人口（Kelly & Barac-Cikoja，2007）。尽管如此，我们还是有必要 这些读者，比较他们的行为，不熟练的聋人读者，但也更好地 已知的人群，如熟练的听力读者，以便了解哪些因素 引导聋人熟练的阅读。 将进行一系列研究，每项研究都旨在解决具体的 关于不同加工水平的熟练聋人阅读的问题：知觉 旁视中的信息处理，阅读期间的注意力分配， 词汇层面的语音和语义加工，邻区效应，使用 上下文来约束文字处理和语法处理。眼动数据将 在安静的阅读中收集。实际上，目前在自然界中没有任何信息可用。 阅读的情况下，眼动监测聋人读者。现时的建议 将填补文献中的一个巨大空白。最重要的是，这个项目具有很大的社会意义。 考虑到聋人在识字方面遇到的巨大困难， 将军这个项目将有助于更好地了解阅读过程中， 聋人和更好的阅读教育的做法。

Project Summary The goal of the proposed project is to better understand how severely and profoundly deaf readers who use American Sign Language as their main communication mode process written language. Over the past decades, it has been shown that literacy levels in the deaf population have been dramatically lower than in their hearing counterparts. Large scale studies across samples of deaf high-school graduates have rd th shown that the median reading level is around 3 -4 grade and that 5% of the young deaf adults tested were strong readers and read at grade levels matched or superior to their hearing peers (Gallaudet Research Institute, 2004). Research with hearing readers has provided an in-depth picture of the cognitive processes underlying skilled reading (Rayner et al. 2001; review). Research with deaf readers, however, has not yet fully explored how skilled reading occurs. Much of the research conducted with deaf readers has focused on the problems experienced by less skilled readers (Kelly & Barac-Cikoja, 2007). Importantly, few studies have systematically controlled for reading level, comparing skilled to less skilled reading in deaf participants. Skilled deaf readers constitute a small proportion of the deaf population (Kelly & Barac-Cikoja, 2007). Still, it appears crucial to specifically investigate these readers, to compare their behavior to less skilled deaf readers, but also to better known populations such as skilled hearing readers in order to understand which factors lead to skilled reading in the deaf population. A series of studies will be conducted, each designed to address specific questions concerning skilled deaf reading at various levels of processing: perceptual processing of information in parafoveal vision, allocation of attention during reading, phonological and semantic processing at the word-level, neighborhood effects, the use of context to constraint word processing and syntax processing. Eye movement data will be collected during silent reading. Virtually no information is currently available in natural reading situations with eye movements monitored in deaf readers. The present proposal will thus fill a large gap in the literature. Most importantly, this project is of great societal significance in light of the great literacy difficulties experienced by the deaf population in general. This project will contribute to a better understanding of reading processes in the deaf population and to better reading education practices for this population.