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Maternal Brain and Behavioral Responses to Infant Cues in Cocaine Exposed Mothers

接触可卡因的母亲的母亲大脑和对婴儿暗示的行为反应

基本信息

批准号：
8679231
负责人：
Lane Strathearn
金额：
$ 0.97万
依托单位：
BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-15 至 2015-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8679231
关键词：
Adolescent Adult Affect Aggressive behavior Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcohols Amygdaloid structure Animal Model Animals Attention Auditory Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Mechanisms Birth Blinded Brain Brain region Breathing Caring Child Childhood Classification Clinic Cocaine Cocaine Abuse Cocaine Dependence Code Corpus striatum structure Crying Cues Data Data Analyses Data Collection Development Dopamine Dorsal Drug Addiction Drug usage Early Intervention Endocrine Enrollment Ensure Environmental Risk Factor Epigenetic Process Equilibrium Face Family Fatigue Figs - dietary Fright Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Generations Hippocampus (Brain)Home visitation Hormonal Hormones Human Hydrocortisone Hypothalamic structure Illicit Drugs Image Impairment Individual Infant Infant Care Insula of Reil Interview Investigation Investments Laboratories Lead Life Life Experience Longitudinal Studies Manuscripts Maternal Behavior Measures Medial Medical Medicine Midbrain structure Modeling Mothers Motor output Neuromodulator Neurosecretory Systems Obsessive compulsive behavior Outpatients Oxytocin Parent-Child Relations Parenting behavior Parents Pathway interactions Pattern Peripheral Pharmaceutical Preparations Pharmacotherapy Play Population Pre-Clinical Model Predisposition Prefrontal Cortex Pregnancy Pregnant Women Preparation Prevalence Production Psychopathology Public Health Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Personnel Residential Treatment Resources Rewards Risk Rodent Rodent Model Salivary Sampling Secure Services Severities Site Social Behavior Societies Stimulus Stress Substance abuse problem Substantia nigra structure System Tactile Techniques Testing Therapeutic Time Tobacco use Toxicology United States United States National Institutes of Health Urine Ursidae Family Ventral Striatum Ventral Tegmental Area Videotape Visit Visual Woman abuse neglect addiction area striata behavior influence biological adaptation to stress brain pathway caregiving cocaine exposure cocaine use college cost drug of abuse emotional experience experience foster care improved in utero indexing interest intergenerational maternal cocaine abuse neglect neural circuit neurobehavioral neurodevelopment neuroimaging nigrostriatal pathway non-drug offspring parental role pre-clinical prenatal exposure prevent programs public health relevance response treatment program young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Maternal cocaine abuse is a significant public health issue particularly affecting children, with high rates of reported abuse, neglect and foster care placement. However, little is known about how cocaine exposure affects brain circuits involved in maternal behavior, especially in humans. Functional MRI studies have shown that in mothers, infant cues activate similar brain reward circuits to cocaine, suggesting common dopaminergic pathways. Maternal behavior is strongly influenced my oxytocin, an important neuromodulator and hormone, which may also be modulated by maternal cocaine abuse. Thus, natural infant-related reward stimuli and artificial stimulants such as cocaine may differentially affect neural development, affecting both dopaminergic and oxytocin systems. In this project we test whether maternal responses to infant cues are impaired in cocaine exposed new mothers, using 1) functional MRI and 2) videotaped mother-infant interaction. We hypothesize that cocaine exposed mothers will show significantly less activation of the prefrontal cortex and reward-associated brain regions, on viewing pictures of their own baby's face and cry cues vs. an unknown baby, compared to controls. Specific regions of interest will include the mesocorticolimbic dopamine circuits (ventral tegmental area, ventral striatum and medial prefrontal cortex) and the nigrostriatal regions (substantia nigra, dorsal striatum and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). 400 mothers from 2 study sites (Baylor College of Medicine and Yale Child Study Center) will be enrolled (200 cocaine exposed and 200 control mothers), along with their 6 to 7 month old infants, to participate in three study visits over a three month period. During Visit 1, mothers will complete the Adult Attachment Interview to explore their own childhood experience and attachment patterns. At Visit 2, mothers will participate in a "free play" interaction with their infant, which will be videotaped and coded. At the final study visit, functional MRI will be used to compare maternal brain responses to infant facial and cry cues, comparing "own" infant vs. "unknown" infant cues. Ultimately, this research may lead to a better understanding of how adverse early life experiences may contribute to adult patterns of caregiving, as well as susceptibilities to addiction, which may further impair parenting capacities. Understanding how cocaine exposure interacts with other environmental factors to influence maternal behavior may help us both to better respond to addiction, and prevent long-term consequences in children-which may itself include an increased vulnerability to addiction.

描述（由申请人提供）：母亲滥用可卡因是一个重大的公共卫生问题，尤其影响儿童，滥用、忽视和寄养安置的报告率很高。然而，人们对接触可卡因如何影响与母亲行为有关的大脑回路（尤其是人类）知之甚少。功能性核磁共振研究表明，在母亲身上，婴儿提示会激活与可卡因类似的大脑奖励回路，这表明存在共同的多巴胺能通路。母亲的行为受到催产素的强烈影响，催产素是一种重要的神经调节剂和激素，也可能受到母亲滥用可卡因的调节。因此，与婴儿相关的天然奖励刺激和可卡因等人工兴奋剂可能会对神经发育产生不同的影响，从而影响多巴胺能系统和催产素系统。在这个项目中，我们使用 1) 功能性 MRI 和 2) 录像母婴互动来测试接触可卡因的新妈妈对婴儿线索的反应是否受损。我们假设，与对照组相比，接触可卡因的母亲在观看自己婴儿的脸部和哭泣线索的图片时，与对照组相比，前额叶皮层和与奖励相关的大脑区域的激活会明显减少。特定的感兴趣区域包括中皮质边缘多巴胺回路（腹侧被盖区、腹侧纹状体和内侧前额叶皮质）和黑质纹状体区域（黑质、背侧纹状体和背外侧前额叶皮质）。来自 2 个研究中心（贝勒医学院和耶鲁儿童研究中心）的 400 名母亲（200 名接触可卡因的母亲和 200 名对照母亲）及其 6 至 7 个月大的婴儿将被纳入，在三个月内参加 3 次研究访问。在第一次访问期间，母亲将完成成人依恋访谈，以探索她们自己的童年经历和依恋模式。在访问 2 时，母亲将参与与婴儿的“自由游戏”互动，该互动将被录像和编码。在最后一次研究访问中，功能性 MRI 将用于比较母亲大脑对婴儿面部和哭泣线索的反应，比较“自己的”婴儿与“未知”的婴儿线索。最终，这项研究可能会让人们更好地了解不良的早期生活经历如何影响成人的照顾模式，以及对成瘾的敏感性，这可能会进一步损害养育能力。了解可卡因暴露如何与其他环境因素相互作用以影响母亲的行为，可能有助于我们更好地应对成瘾，并防止儿童遭受长期后果——这本身可能包括增加成瘾的可能性。