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Buffering role of pet dogs on children's HPA stress responses

宠物狗对儿童 HPA 应激反应的缓冲作用

基本信息

批准号：
8372379
负责人：
Darlene A Kertes
金额：
$ 6.54万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-12-01 至 2014-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8372379
关键词：
9 year old Adult Animal Model Animals Behavior Behavioral Biological Buffers Canis familiaris Characteristics Child Childhood Chronic Cognitive Development Disease Emotional Emotional disorder Family Family member Feeling Friends Gene Expression Regulation Gestures Glucocorticoids Goals Health Health Benefit Health behavior Home environment Hormones Human Hydrocortisone Hypothalamic structure Individual Differences Infant Knowledge Laboratories Learning Life Link Literature Long-Term Effects Longevity Measures Neurobiology Neurosecretory Systems Outcome Ownership Parents Persons Physiology Pituitary Gland Process Protocols documentation Psychosocial Factor Regulation Research Resources Risk Role Shapes Shyness Social support Societies Stress Stress Tests System Temperament Testing Time Trier Social Stress Test United States animal-assisted therapy arm base behavioral health biological adaptation to stress biological systems body system coping experience improved interactive therapy pet animal prevent protective effect psychologic psychosocial relating to nervous system response social stress management stressor

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tens of millions of children in the United States co-reside with pet dogs. Recent research suggests living or interacting with dogs promotes learning outcomes and has health benefits. Biological mechanisms underlying these processes are largely unknown but may include protective effects on the activity of stress-sensitive biological systems. The neuroendocrine arm of the stress system known as the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenocortical (HPA) axis may be of particular importance because 1) it influences long-term neural activity and many organ systems, 2) disturbances in it are linked with impaired cognitive and emotional functioning and a range of physical diseases across the lifespan, and 3) its activity is impacted by diverse qualities of human social relationships. Among infants and children, supportive relationships with close family members have a buffering effect on HPA axis activity in response to stress. Along with family members and close friends, pet dogs are known confidantes for children. It is unknown whether pet dogs buffer the HPA response to stress. We propose testing the stress-buffering potential of pet dogs in a standardized laboratory protocol, the Trier Social Stress Test, known to produce reliable stress responses in children and adults. 90 nine-year-old children from dog-owning families will be tested either in the presence of their dog, their parent, or without a support figure. To date there are no studies testing individual differences in the child, pet, or child-pet relationship that impact the degree to which pet dogs confer health benefits (stress-reducing or otherwise) for children. Thus we further aim to examine characteristics that moderate dogs' impact on children's stress responses. We hypothesize that the presence of a pet dog during a laboratory-based social stressor will buffer the child's biological response to the stress test, and that this buffering will be similar to that observed in the presence of a support person - the parent. We further hypothesize that across experimental conditions, the buffering effect will be impacted by the child's temperament and attachment to the dog as well as the dog's sociability and responsiveness to the child's gestures. By characterizing the role of pet ownership and pet presence in the developing biological stress response in children, the results obtained will contribute both to our understanding of stress in children and how it can be buffered, and also to our understanding of how human-animal interaction may have health benefits. Thus the outcome of this project will be a better basis for the burgeoning field of animal interactive therapy.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国有数千万儿童与宠物狗共同生活。最近的研究表明，与狗生活或互动可以提高学习成绩，并对健康有益。这些过程背后的生物学机制在很大程度上是未知的，但可能包括对应激敏感生物系统活动的保护作用。压力系统的神经内分泌分支下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴（HPA）可能特别重要，因为1)它影响长期的神经活动和许多器官系统，2)它的紊乱与认知和情感功能受损以及一生中一系列身体疾病有关，3)它的活动受到人类社会关系的各种质量的影响。在婴儿和儿童中，与亲密家庭成员的支持关系对应激反应的下丘脑轴活动有缓冲作用。除了家人和亲密的朋友，宠物狗是众所周知的孩子的知己。目前尚不清楚宠物狗是否能缓冲HPA对压力的反应。我们建议在一个标准化的实验室协议中测试宠物狗的压力缓冲潜力，Trier社会压力测试，已知在儿童和成人中产生可靠的压力反应。来自养狗家庭的90名9岁儿童将在他们的狗、父母或没有支持的情况下接受测试。到目前为止，还没有研究测试孩子、宠物或孩子与宠物关系的个体差异，这些差异会影响宠物狗给孩子带来健康益处的程度（减轻压力或其他）。因此，我们进一步的目的是研究调节狗对儿童应激反应影响的特征。我们假设，在实验室中，宠物狗的存在会缓冲孩子对压力测试的生物反应，并且这种缓冲将与之相似