Mechanisms of protective immunity induced by live attenuated SIV vaccines

SIV减毒活疫苗诱导保护性免疫的机制

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8064463
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2010-05-03 至 2011-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Lack of information on the immunologic mechanisms responsible for protection against HIV infection remains one of the major obstacles to the development of a safe and effective AIDS vaccine. Vaccination of macaques with attenuated SIV strains has consistently proven to be the most effective means to induce protection against pathogenic SIV challenge in macaques. Intensive study of macaques vaccinated with attenuated SIV strains therefore represents one of the best experimental models available for the determination of mechanisms of protective immunity against lentivirus infection. The overall goal of this Program Project application is to undertake a comprehensive, multidisciplinary effort to define mechanisms of immune protection mediated by live attenuated SIV strains. Complementary experiments conducted by three principal investigators with distinct areas of expertise will examine: 1. Mechanisms of mucosal protection induced by attenuated SIV. These experiments will undertake a detailed examination of the evolution of adaptive and innate immune responses induced by SIVAnef and correlate these responses with protection, examine the effect of prolonged B cell depletion on protective immunity, and study viral replication and immune responses in the female reproductive tract of SIVAnefvaccinated animals after vaginal challenge. 2. The contribution of anti-envelope immune responses to protection mediated by live attenuated SIV. Specific questions include: Does a mismatch of envelope sequences in the challenge virus decrease the degree of protection? Does challenge with a closely-matched SIV strain that differs dramatically in coreceptor usage influence the degree of protection? Does variation in the strength of the anti-envelope antibody response induced using modified single-cycle SIV influence the degree of protection? 3. Mucosal immunity and heterologous protection induced by single-cycle SIV (scSIV). These experiments will examine if the site of immunization with scSIV determines the mucosal homing properties of T cell responses and resistance to an intrarectal challenge with SIVmac239; whether the site of priming influences the ability of virus-specific T cell responses to protect against a vaginal challenge with SIVmac239; and whether immunization with a mixture of antigenically diverse strains of scSIV can broaden virus-specific immune responses and enhance protection against a heterologous challenge with SIVmac239. Results from these studies should shed light on the nature of immune responses able to protect against HIV/SIV infection, which remains one of the outstanding unanswered questions of AIDS vaccine research, and thus will have important implications for the design of clinically applicable AIDS vaccines.
缺乏关于预防艾滋病毒感染的免疫机制的信息仍然是研制安全有效的艾滋病疫苗的主要障碍之一。用SIV减毒株接种猕猴疫苗一直被证明是最有效的诱导手段

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
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R. PAUL JOHNSON其他文献

R. PAUL JOHNSON的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('R. PAUL JOHNSON', 18)}}的其他基金

Annual Symposium on Nonhuman Primates
非人类灵长类动物年度研讨会
  • 批准号:
    10676977
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
Annual Symposium on Nonhuman Primates
非人类灵长类动物年度研讨会
  • 批准号:
    10554035
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
Exome screening and directed breeding of rhesus for human genetic disease models
人类遗传病模型的恒河猴外显子筛选和定向育种
  • 批准号:
    9111085
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
Exome screening and directed breeding of rhesus for human genetic disease models
人类遗传病模型的恒河猴外显子筛选和定向育种
  • 批准号:
    8970022
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
MODULATION OF PD-1 EXPRESSION ON T CELLS IN SIV-INFECTED MACAQUES
SIV 感染的猕猴 T 细胞上 PD-1 表达的调节
  • 批准号:
    8357947
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
IMMUNOLOGICAL REAGENT AND SAMPLE DISTRIBUTION
免疫试剂和样品分配
  • 批准号:
    8357913
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
DELINEATION OF MULTIPLE SUBPOPULATIONS OF NATURAL KILLER CELLS IN MONKEYS
猴子自然杀伤细胞多个亚群的划分
  • 批准号:
    8357919
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
Immunology
免疫学
  • 批准号:
    8198155
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
Live Attenuated SIV-Mediated Protection Against Mucosal SIV Infection
减毒活 SIV 介导的针对粘膜 SIV 感染的保护
  • 批准号:
    8198148
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:
SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST: CHALLENGING TRANSDUCED CELLS WITH HIV-1 REPLICATION
适者生存:用 HIV-1 复制挑战转导细胞
  • 批准号:
    8357948
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 19.75万
  • 项目类别:

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