CRCNS: Formation of stimulus selective neural assemblies in piriform cortex

CRCNS：梨状皮层刺激选择性神经组件的形成

• 批准号: 9049840
• 负责人: Brent D. Doiron
• 金额: $ 28.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9049840
• 关键词: Acoustics; Anterior; Area; Auditory system; Brain; Cells; Chemicals; Code; Complex; Coupled; Coupling; Descriptor; Dimensions; Epilepsy; Felis catus; Frequencies; Hippocampus (Brain); Individual; Instruction; Learning; Link; Maps; Mediating; Modeling; Modems; Neurons; Odors; Olfactory Cortex; Olfactory Pathways; Pattern; Population; Prevention; Primates; Probability; Process; Recurrence; Regulation; Retinal; Rodent; Role; Sensory; Sensory Process; Shapes; Solutions; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Vibrissae; Visual system structure; acoustic imaging; barrel cortex; base; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; hippocampal pyramidal neuron; in vivo; inhibitory neuron; insight; millimeter; neurotransmitter release; olfactory bulb; olfactory stimulus; piriform cortex; relating to nervous system; sensory cortex; sensory input; sensory stimulus; theories

Sensory cortex decomposes complex inputs into feature-based components, and distributes their representation over populations of neurons. In special cases this distribution is very clear--for instance the visual and auditory system respectively map retinal image and acoustic frequency along a spatial dimension within cortex. In general, however, rich sensory scenes are a mixture of features, and it remains unclear how the cortex mingles and segregates aspects of a complex sensory representation across neural populations. Olfactory stimuli are extraordinarily complex, with distinct odors comprised from a mixture of compounds. The circuitry in olfactory cortex is equally intricate, with populations of neurons coupling to one another with seemingly random rules, and receiving similarly random projections from lower centers. The combination of these two facts obfuscates the organization of odor representation. Our proposal leverages advances in experimental circuit identification and manipulation, as well as theoretical frameworks for large-scale cortical networks, to establish principles for the distribution of odor identity and concentration coding across olfactory cortex. Specifically, we aim to establish the following links between olfactory circuitry and odor coding: 1 )There exists a graded distribution of specific inhibitory sub-circuits along the rostral-caudal axis of the olfactory cortex. 2) The rostral-caudal distribution of inhibition interacts with Hebbian plasticity mechanisms so as to shape the odor selectivity of cells along the rostral-caudal axis. These advances will provide much needed insights into how cortical structures represent and process distinct aspects of an odor scene.

感觉皮层将复杂的输入分解为基于特征的成分，并将其表示分布在神经元群体上。在特殊情况下，这种分布是非常清楚的-例如视觉和听觉系统分别映射视网膜图像和听觉频率沿着皮层内的空间维度。然而，一般来说，丰富的感觉场景是各种特征的混合体，目前还不清楚皮层如何在神经群体中混合和分离复杂感觉表征的各个方面。 嗅觉刺激是非常复杂的，具有由化合物的混合物组成的不同气味。嗅觉皮层的回路同样复杂，神经元群体以看似随机的规则相互耦合，并从较低的中心接收类似的随机投射。这两个事实的结合混淆了气味表征的组织。我们的建议利用实验电路识别和操作的进展，以及大规模皮层网络的理论框架，建立嗅觉皮层的气味身份和浓度编码的分布原则。具体来说，我们的目标是建立嗅觉回路和气味编码之间的以下联系： （1）嗅皮层的特异性抑制回路沿着吻尾轴呈梯度分布。 2)抑制的喙尾分布与赫布可塑性机制相互作用，从而形成沿着喙尾轴的细胞的气味选择性。 这些进展将提供急需的见解，如何皮质结构代表和处理气味场景的不同方面。