Large-scale monitoring of sensory transformations in the mammalian olfactory system

大规模监测哺乳动物嗅觉系统的感觉转变

• 批准号: 9569280
• 负责人: Shawn Denver Burton
• 金额: $ 4.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-01 至 2019-09-13
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9569280
• 关键词: Ablation; Acute; Address; Apical; Area; Axon; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Code; Complement; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Custom; Data Analyses; Data Set; Dendrites; Devices; Dorsal; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; General Practitioners; Genetically Engineered Mouse; Goals; Image; Image Analysis; Interneurons; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Logic; Maps; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Modernization; Molecular; Monitor; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Output; Perception; Peripheral; Population; Presynaptic Terminals; Reporting; Research Priority; Resources; Role; Sampling; Sensory; Shapes; Slice; Smell Perception; Specialist; Surface; System; Testing; Training; Virus Diseases; awake; calcium indicator; career; cell type; contrast enhanced; high dimensionality; imaging platform; improved; in vivo calcium imaging; insight; neural circuit; olfactory bulb; olfactory sensory neurons; postsynaptic; postsynaptic neurons; presynaptic neurons; receptive field; relating to nervous system; skills; success; tool; two photon microscopy; vector

PROJECT SUMMARY How information is transformed as it propagates through a neural circuit remains an outstanding question of modern neuroscience. Answering this question for a given circuit requires knowledge of: 1) the information being transformed, 2) activity in pre- and postsynaptic populations, and 3) connectivity between pre- and postsynaptic populations. The tremendous complexity of neural circuits has made such investigation exceedingly difficult, with success limited to small local circuits or across gross brain regions. The overall goal of this project is to bridge these scales to map the transformation of information across a large neural circuit through technological advances in large-scale monitoring of neural activity and quantitative analyses of high-dimensional neural representations. A secondary goal of this project is to develop a platform for monitoring the transformation of information in a well-defined circuit amenable to the application of interventional tools capable of causally linking circuit elements to aspects of neural coding. To accomplish these goals, this project will capitalize on recent advances in spectrally separated calcium indicators of neural activity and the unique circuitry of the mammalian olfactory system to simultaneously image sensory-evoked activity in large pre- and postsynaptic neural populations while selectively manipulating specific interneuron classes. The resulting dataset will enable multiple exploratory analyses of high-dimensional neural representations as well as hypothesis-driven analyses of how the olfactory system transforms information, including investigating the organization and neural coding roles of interneuronal networks. This project will thus provide fundamental new insight into brain function by exploring how information is transformed across a large neural circuit, and will further generate key advances in the fields of systems neuroscience and olfaction.

项目摘要 信息如何通过神经电路传播时如何转换仍然是现代的一个杰出问题 神经科学。为给定电路回答这个问题需要：1）转换信息，2） 前和突触后种群的活性，以及​​3）突触前和后种群之间的连通性。这 神经回路的巨大复杂性使得这种研究极为困难，成功仅限于小 本地电路或整个大脑区域。该项目的总体目标是桥接这些量表以绘制 通过大规模监控的技术进步，信息在大型神经电路上转变 高维神经表示的神经活动和定量分析。该项目的次要目标是 开发一个平台，以监视适合应用程序的明确定义电路中信息的转换 能够将电路元素与神经编码方面联系起来的介入工具。为了实现这些目标， 该项目将利用频谱分离的神经活动钙指标的进步和独特的 哺乳动物嗅觉系统的电路同时在大型前和 突触后神经种群有选择地操纵特定的中间神经元类。结果数据集将 对高维神经表示以及假设驱动的分析进行多次探索性分析 嗅觉系统如何转换信息，包括调查组织和神经编码角色 内神经网络。因此，该项目将通过探索如何为大脑功能提供基本的新见解 信息在大型神经电路上转换，并将进一步在系统领域产生关键进展 神经科学和嗅觉。

项目成果

Mapping odorant sensitivities reveals a sparse but structured representation of olfactory chemical space by sensory input to the mouse olfactory bulb.

• DOI: 10.7554/elife.80470
• 发表时间: 2022-07-21
• 期刊: ELIFE
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Burton, Shawn D.;Brown, Audrey;Eiting, Thomas P.;Youngstrom, Isaac A.;Rust, Thomas C.;Schmuker, Michael;Wachowiak, Matt
• 通讯作者: Wachowiak, Matt