Large-scale monitoring of sensory transformations in the mammalian olfactory system

大规模监测哺乳动物嗅觉系统的感觉转变

• 批准号: 9455273
• 负责人: Shawn Denver Burton
• 金额: $ 6.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-01 至 2020-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9455273
• 关键词: Ablation; Acute; Address; Apical; Area; Axon; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Code; Complement; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Custom; Data Analyses; Data Set; Dendrites; Devices; Dorsal; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; General Practitioners; Genetically Engineered Mouse; Goals; Image; Image Analysis; Interneurons; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Logic; Maps; Mediating; Methods; Microscopy; Modeling; Modernization; Molecular; Monitor; Mus; Neurons; Neurosciences; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Output; Perception; Peripheral; Population; Presynaptic Terminals; Reporting; Research Priority; Resources; Role; Sampling; Sensory; Shapes; Slice; Smell Perception; Specialist; Surface; System; Testing; Training; Virus Diseases; awake; calcium indicator; career; cell type; contrast enhanced; high dimensionality; imaging platform; improved; in vivo calcium imaging; insight; neural circuit; olfactory bulb; olfactory sensory neurons; postsynaptic; postsynaptic neurons; presynaptic neurons; receptive field; relating to nervous system; skills; success; tool; two-photon; vector

PROJECT SUMMARY How information is transformed as it propagates through a neural circuit remains an outstanding question of modern neuroscience. Answering this question for a given circuit requires knowledge of: 1) the information being transformed, 2) activity in pre- and postsynaptic populations, and 3) connectivity between pre- and postsynaptic populations. The tremendous complexity of neural circuits has made such investigation exceedingly difficult, with success limited to small local circuits or across gross brain regions. The overall goal of this project is to bridge these scales to map the transformation of information across a large neural circuit through technological advances in large-scale monitoring of neural activity and quantitative analyses of high-dimensional neural representations. A secondary goal of this project is to develop a platform for monitoring the transformation of information in a well-defined circuit amenable to the application of interventional tools capable of causally linking circuit elements to aspects of neural coding. To accomplish these goals, this project will capitalize on recent advances in spectrally separated calcium indicators of neural activity and the unique circuitry of the mammalian olfactory system to simultaneously image sensory-evoked activity in large pre- and postsynaptic neural populations while selectively manipulating specific interneuron classes. The resulting dataset will enable multiple exploratory analyses of high-dimensional neural representations as well as hypothesis-driven analyses of how the olfactory system transforms information, including investigating the organization and neural coding roles of interneuronal networks. This project will thus provide fundamental new insight into brain function by exploring how information is transformed across a large neural circuit, and will further generate key advances in the fields of systems neuroscience and olfaction.

项目总结 信息如何在通过神经回路传播时被转换仍然是现代社会的一个悬而未决的问题 神经科学。回答给定电路的这个问题需要以下知识：1)正在转换的信息，2) 突触前和突触后群体的活动，以及3)突触前和突触后群体之间的连接性。这个 神经回路的巨大复杂性使这种研究变得极其困难，成功的可能性很小。 局部环路或跨大脑区。这个项目的总体目标是将这些比例联系起来，以绘制出 通过大规模监测的技术进步，通过大型神经电路的信息转换 神经活动和高维神经表征的定量分析。该项目的次要目标是 开发一个平台，用于监控符合应用程序的定义明确的电路中的信息转换 能够将电路元件因果地链接到神经编码方面的介入工具。为了实现这些目标， 该项目将利用神经活动的光谱分离钙指示器的最新进展和独特的 哺乳动物嗅觉系统的回路，可同时成像大型前额和后脑的感觉诱发活动 突触后神经元群体，同时选择性地操纵特定的中间神经元类别。生成的数据集将 实现对高维神经表示的多重探索性分析以及假设驱动的分析 嗅觉系统如何转换信息，包括研究组织和神经编码角色 神经元间网络。因此，该项目将通过探索大脑功能的方式，提供对大脑功能的基本新见解 信息通过一个大型神经回路进行转换，并将进一步在系统领域产生关键进展 神经科学和嗅觉。