Pathogenesis of Vaccinia virus keratitis

项目摘要 尽管天花不再自然传播，但它仍然是一种潜在的生物威胁 武器。目前，天花被美国列为最重要的病毒生物武器。 各州。因此，在2001年，美国恢复了对急救人员的天花疫苗接种(例如。呃 人员)和军队。天花疫苗，痘苗病毒，是一种活的减毒病毒， 疫苗的不良反应很常见。此外，动物痘病毒的爆发 偶尔也会出现在人类身上。有一种可能性是，眼睛的感染与随后的 在接种疫苗后，结肠炎和角膜炎，甚至可能是致盲疾病，都可能发生。 或者是人畜共患传播。几乎对涉及的病理机制一无所知。 痘苗眼部感染或其他痘病毒眼部感染。之前，我们开发了一种 兔痘苗病毒性角膜炎定量模型的建立及外用 类固醇在治疗中具有潜在的危险。在接受强的松龙治疗的所有组中，角膜炎 在停止治疗的3-4天内反弹，这伴随着 病毒复制的恢复。小鼠模型更适合于病理学研究 由于试剂的可获得性，疫苗感染的免疫学。因此，目标是 本R21的应用是为了建立一种新型的痘苗病毒眼部定量小鼠模型 感染。

Project Summary Although Smallpox no longer naturally circulates it remains a potential threat as a biological weapon. Currently, Smallpox is listed as the most important viral bioweapon by the United States. As a result, in 2001, the US resumed smallpox vaccinations for first responders (eg. ER personnel) and the military. The Smallpox vaccine, Vaccinia virus, is a live attenuated virus and adverse vaccine responses are common. In addition, outbreaks of animal pox viruses occasionally occur in humans. There is a possibility that infection of the eye with ensuing conjuncitivitis and keratitis, and perhaps blinding disease, can occur either following vaccination or zoonotic transfer . Virtually nothing is known about pathological mechanisms involved in Vaccinia ocular infections or other poxvirus ocular infections. Previously we developed a quantitative rabbit model of Vaccinia virus keratitis and we showed that the inclusion of topical steroids in therapy was potentially dangerous. In all groups that received prednisolone, keratitis rebounded within 3-4 days of halting the treatment and this was concomitant with the resumption of viral replication. Mouse models are much more suitable for studies on pathology and immunology of Vaccinia infections because of reagent availability. Therefore, the goal of this R21 application is to develop a novel quantitative mouse model of Vaccinia virus ocular infection.