Reverse Correlation Mapping in Face Patches

Prjetummry 这一修订将EY16187的目标扩展到定义时间之间的因果关系 以及密集的早期经验和颞叶的模块化组织的类别。的目标 EY16187将使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)和单单元记录来探索 颞下皮质中类别选择模块的形成。这个项目的初步成果已经产生 一种动物模型，在该模型中，具有丰富早期识别符号经验的青少年在 他们的颞叶选择性地对学习的符号做出反应，并伴随着行为 专业知识。成人学习者表现出较少的行为专长，没有形成新的模块。这一结果表明 认为颞叶的模块化组织不是完全与生俱来，而是被决定的假设，或者 通过神经元活动进行修饰。为了验证这一假设，本次修订将扩展项目以查看功能 在另外两组动物中重新组织：(1)被训练为识别两个不同符号集的动物 不同发育阶段和(2)被训练为识别面孔图像为无生命的动物 价值的表现形式。第一个实验将使用双交叉训练设计来询问如何 类别特定体验的时机影响新模块的本地化。第二个实验将 询问早期强烈暴露于异常的脸部刺激是否会扰乱面部的正常组织 模块。这些研究将扩大了解神经元活动如何影响 通过特别寻找两者之间的因果关系来组织高级感知机制 经验和模块化组织。对教育政策和心理健康的影响是 意义重大。为了了解自闭症谱系障碍和了解早期 剥夺和不正常的早期经历了解大脑组织的可塑性是很重要的，以及 无论是像人脸处理领域这样的基本领域是与生俱来的，还是社交塑造的 体验，并且可以被异常的体验所改变。

Prjetummry This Revision extends the goals of EY16187 towards defining causal relationships between the timing and category of intensive early experience and the modular organization of the temporal lobe. The goals of EY16187 are to use functional MRI (fMRI) and single-unit recording to explore the mechanisms underlying the formation of category selective modules in inferotemporal cortex. Early results in this project have produced an animal model in which juveniles with extensive early experience in recognizing symbols develop regions in their temporal lobes that are selectively responsive to the learned symbols, with concomitant behavioral expertise. Adult learners show less behavioral expertise and no novel module formation. This result suggests the hypothesis that the modular organization of the temporal lobe is not entirely innate, but is determined, or modified, by neuronal activity. To test this hypothesis this Revision will extend the project to look at functional re-organization in two additional sets of animals: (1) animals trained to recognize two different symbol sets at different stages of development and (2) animals trained to recognize face-like images as inanimate representations of value. The first experiment will use a double cross over training design to ask how the timing of category specific experience affects the localization of novel modules. The second experiment will ask whether intensive early exposure to abnormal face-like stimuli can disrupt the normal organization of face modules. These studies will expand the goal of understanding of how neuronal activity can affect the organization of high-level perceptual mechanisms by specifically looking for causal relationships between experience and modular organization. The implications for education policy and for mental health are significant. For understanding autism spectrum disorders and for understanding consequences of early deprivation and abnormal early experience it is important to know how malleable brain organization is, and whether something as basic as face-processing domains is innate, or if such domains are molded by social experience and can be modified by abnormal experience.