An In-Depth Examination of Predictive Pathways of Alcohol-Related Sexual Assault

描述(申请人提供)：大量研究发现酒精相关的性侵犯(ARSA)是一个全国性的问题，特别是在经历性侵的大学女性中，她们的性侵发生率几乎是全国的四倍。1对于许多进入大学的年轻女性来说，酗酒、新的人际关系和缺乏性经验导致发生ARSA的风险更高。2-5虽然酒精是干预中值得关注的必要预测因素6-7，但这不足以解释 整个ARSA。证据表明，ARSA是多因素决定的，在某些个人、人际或环境条件存在的情况下，ARSA可能或多或少会发生。8-10这项拟议的研究的独特之处在于，它将检查ARSA的四个不同的预测途径：酒精使用、酒精保护行为(APB)、人际保护行为(IPB)和背景风险因素(CRF)。这项工作将使用新颖的理论和方法来研究这些途径，以更好地了解影响一年级女大学生发生ARSA的因素。更具体地说，研究议程包括两项研究，这两项研究将：1)前瞻性地检查酒精、APB、IPB和CRF特异性结构(近端介体和远端预测因子)与大学一年级女性ARSA之间基于理论的综合预测路径模型；2)使用生态瞬时评估(EMA)来预测第一学期的ARSA风险(基线后3个月进行评估)，并研究与ARSA相关的预测因子(酒精、APB、IPB、CRF)的瞬时和每日波动。这些研究的结果有可能提供所需的信息，以显著改善ARSA特定的干预努力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Numerous studies have identified alcohol-related sexual assault (ARSA) as a nation-wide problem, especially among college women who experience sexual assault at nearly four times the national rate.1 For many young women entering college, increased drinking, new interpersonal situations, and lack of sexual experiences, contribute to a higher risk of experiencing ARSA.2-5 Though alcohol is a necessary predictor worthy of attention in interventions6-7, it is not sufficient in explaining the whole of ARSA. Evidence suggests ARSA is multi-determined and may occur more or less frequently in the presence of certain intrapersonal, interpersonal, or environmental conditions.8-10 The proposed research is unique in that it will examine four distinct predictive pathways of ARSA: alcohol use, alcohol protective behaviors (APB), interpersonal protective behaviors (IPB), and contextual risk factors (CRF). This work will use novel theoretical and methodological approaches to examine these pathways to gain a greater understanding of the factors influencing the occurrence of ARSA among first-year college women. More specifically, the research agenda includes two studies that will: 1) prospectively examine a comprehensive, theory-based model of predictive pathways between alcohol-, APB-, IPB-, and CRF-specific constructs (proximal mediators and distal predictors) and ARSA in first-year college women, and 2) use Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to predict ARSA risk across the first semester (assessed 3-months post-baseline) and to examine momentary and daily fluctuations in the predictors associated with ARSA (alcohol, APB, IPB, CRF). Findings from these studies have the potential to provide the information needed to significantly improve ARSA-specific intervention efforts.