Non-invasive Blood Alcohol Sensor for Emergency Room Applications

描述（由申请人提供）： 在急诊室（ER）中准确定量酒精和药物滥用中毒是精确诊断的重要筛查步骤，因此可以及时治疗。一些严重的紧急情况，如创伤性脑损伤，糖尿病和中风，可以误诊为酒精和药物中毒筛查的情况下，酒精和药物摄入水平的可靠测量将改善诊断和后续治疗在这些情况下。目前在急诊室中使用的大多数方法要么需要患者的合作和互动，如呼吸测醉器，要么是侵入性的，并且具有延长的处理时间，如血液和尿液样本分析，使得它们不适合ER应用。特别是，患有药物和酒精中毒的患者通常不能或不愿意与医务人员互动，因此需要更容易的采样和可靠的测量。为了满足这一需求，Intelligent Optical Systems正在与德克萨斯理工大学健康科学中心（TTUHSC）急诊医学系的Robert Woolard博士合作，他是ER相关研究中酒精和药物滥用方面的公认专家，我们正在开发用于ER应用的非侵入性唾液分析仪。该分析仪测量荧光标记的选择性试剂的发射，以检测唾液样本中的酒精和药物滥用。虽然唾液监测是酒精和药物滥用的一个既定领域，但仍然需要准确的定量测量来量化急诊室收治患者的中毒水平，而不依赖于视觉判断。在第一阶段中，我们证明了实现缓冲液和模拟唾液中酒精水平的可重复，高灵敏度测量的可行性，以及由Woolard博士和TTUHSC获得的30份人类唾液样本，这些样本经过测试并与血液水平进行比较。在第二阶段，我们将测试额外的100个人体样本，以扩大统计数据，并确定传感器的准确性和精度水平，引入一种方法，用于定量（高/中/低）测量六种滥用药物（阿片类药物，可卡因，安非他明，THC，苯二氮卓类药物，巴比妥类药物），并开发便携式读出系统。该目标是一个简单而高度准确的光学检测平台，适用于床边ER应用，并有可能在许多医疗保健环境中广泛应用于临床监测。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary Accurate quantification of alcohol and drugs of abuse intoxication in emergency rooms (ERs) is an important screening step for a precise diagnosis and hence for prompt treatment. Some severe emergencies such as traumatic head injury, diabetes, and stroke can be misdiagnosed in the absence of screening for alcohol and drug intoxication; reliable measurement of alcohol and drug intake levels would improve diagnosis and subsequent treatment in these cases. Most methods now used in emergency rooms either require patient cooperation and interaction, such as a Breathalyzer, or are invasive and have prolonged processing times, such as blood and urine sample analysis, making them inappropriate for ER applications. In particular, patients suffering from drug and alcohol intoxication are often not able, or are unwilling, to interact with medical personnel, hence the need for easier sampling and reliable measurement. To address this need, Intelligent Optical Systems is collaborating with Dr. Robert Woolard of Texas Tech University Health Science Center (TTUHSC) Emergency Medicine Department, a recognized expert in alcohol and drugs of abuse in ER-related studies, in our development for a non-invasive saliva-based analyzer for ER applications. The analyzer measures emissions of fluorescent-labeled selective reagents to detect alcohol and drugs of abuse in saliva samples. Although saliva monitoring is an established area for alcohol and drugs of abuse, accurate quantitative measurements are still needed to quantify the intoxication levels in admitted ER patients without relying on visual judgments. In Phase I we demonstrated the feasibility of achieving reproducible, highly sensitive measurements of alcohol levels in buffer and modeled saliva, as well as in 30 human saliva samples obtained by Dr. Woolard and TTUHSC that were tested and compared to blood levels. In Phase II we will test an additional 100 human samples to expand the statistical data and determine sensor accuracy and precision levels, introduce a method for quantitative (high/mid/low) measurement of six drugs of abuse (opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, THC, benzodiazepines, barbiturates), and develop the portable readout system. The objective is a simple yet highly accurate optical detection platform suitable for bedside ER applications, with further potential for widespread clinical monitoring applications in many healthcare settings.