What is Recovery?

描述（由申请人提供）：术语“恢复”在研究文献中广泛使用。它也出现在NIAAA的战略计划中，并出现在其一个部门的名称中。康复是酒精治疗的目标。那些不再喝酒，并试图追求一种更好的生活方式的酗酒者说，他们正在“康复中”。“然而，尽管它的所有用途，以及似乎的中心地位，在酒精文献中没有对该术语的定义达成一致。由于缺乏定义，在研究中，康复通常等同于禁欲或症状缓解，即使它并不局限于那些声称自己正在康复的人。这项酒精方法开发研究旨在开发一个恢复量表，该量表基于经历过恢复经历的人如何定义这个术语。为了开发潜在的项目规模，我们将进行调查和定性访谈（n=200）与清醒的生活和治疗方案的校友团体的成员，恢复组织的成员（其中许多人不会参加匿名酗酒者/AA或治疗），并恢复从报纸和在线广告招募的个人。这种抽样策略将覆盖不同的个人，他们在接受和不接受治疗的情况下，以及在有和没有AA参与的情况下实现了康复。一个专家小组（包括酒精研究人员和校友团体和恢复组织的代表）将召开进一步建议我们的招聘和项目建设。由此产生的项目和其他相关工具（如世界卫生组织/世卫组织生活质量量表和成瘾严重程度指数）将用于抽取200人的抽样框架（估计答卷人数= 11，240），以研究潜在量表项目的表现及其与其他相关措施的关系。我们将进行深入的心理测量分析，以开发一个简约和可靠的恢复量表，具有很强的收敛和判别效度。我们将根据年龄、性别、种族、参与治疗和12步组以及恢复阶段（1年早期; 2-5年-持续; 5年以上-稳定）分析恢复（由WHO量表和新的恢复量表定义）的差异。一个心理测量学验证的成瘾恢复量表，反映了不同的观点，途径和人口统计学异质性人群中的恢复长度，将被研究人员广泛使用，进行新的酒精治疗方案的临床试验，酒精依赖和缓解的流行病学研究，在一般人群中，和健康服务的恢复没有成瘾治疗的研究。一个全面的康复量表将说明与预期康复相关的个人和社会素质，并将提供一个框架，教育公众和决策者了解从酒精和药物依赖中康复需要什么。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The term 'recovery' is widely used in the research literature. It also appears in NIAAA's strategic plan, and in the title of one of its divisions. Recovery is a goal of alcohol treatment. Alcoholics who no longer drink, and are trying to pursue an improved way of living/being, say that they are 'in recovery.' Yet for all its use, and seeming centrality, there is no agreed upon definition of the term within the alcohol literature. Lacking a definition, recovery usually is equated with abstinence or symptom remission in research, even though it is not so narrowly circumscribed by those who say they are in recovery. This alcohol methods development study aims to develop a Recovery Scale that is based on how people who have been through the experience of recovery define the term. To develop potential items for the scale, we will conduct surveys and qualitative interviews (n=200) with members of alumni groups from sober living and treatment programs, members of recovery organizations (many of whom will not have attended Alcoholics Anonymous/AA or treatment), and recovering individuals recruited from newspaper and online advertisements. This sampling strategy will reach diverse individuals who have achieved recovery with and without treatment, and with and without AA involvement. An Expert Panel (including alcohol researchers and alumni group and recovery organization representatives) will be convened to further advise us on recruitment and item construction. The resultant items, and other relevant instruments (such as the World Health Organization/WHO Quality of Life scales and the Addiction Severity Index) will be administered to the sampling frames from which the 200 individuals were drawn (estimated n of respondents = 11,240) in order to study the performance of the potential scale items and their relationship with other relevant measures. We will conduct intensive psychometric analyses to develop a parsimonious and reliable Recovery Scale with strong convergent and discriminant validity. We will analyze how recovery (defined by the WHO scales, and by the new Recovery Scale) differs based on age, gender, ethnicity, involvement in treatment and in 12-step groups, and stage of recovery (1 year-early; 2-5 years- sustained; and over 5 years-stable). A psychometrically validated scale of addictions recovery that reflects diverse perspectives, pathways, and lengths of recovery among a demographically heterogeneous population will be used extensively by researchers conducting clinical trials of new alcohol treatment options, epidemiological studies of alcohol dependence and remission in the general population, and health services research on recovery without addiction treatment. A comprehensive Recovery Scale will illustrate the personal and social qualities associated with recovery that can be expected, and will provide a framework for educating the public and policymakers about what recovery from alcohol and drug dependence entails.