Nativity, Family, and Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health and Behavior

耶稣诞生、家庭和青少年性健康和生殖健康及行为

• 批准号: 8593514
• 负责人: Rachel Elizabeth Goldberg
• 金额: $ 4.92万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8593514
• 关键词: Acculturation; Adult; Age; Applications Grants; Area; Child; Contraceptive Usage; Country; Data; Dimensions; Economics; Ensure; Family; Fertility; First Births; Future; Gender; Generations; Health; Health behavior; Immigrant; Immigration; Institution; International; Length; Life; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Mentors; Outcome; Parents; Population; Positioning Attribute; Proxy; Public Health; Publications; Reproductive Behavior; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Project Grants; Respondent; Risk; Sex Behavior; Sexual Health; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Socialization; Source; Survival Analysis; Testing; Time; Training; United States; Universities; Variant; Woman; Work; Youth; cost; design; expectation; interest; male; male health; migration; multilevel analysis; native youth; neglect; public health relevance; reconstitution; residence; sex risk; sexually active; social; success; trend; young man; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The past two decades have witnessed important shifts in the sexual and reproductive health and behavior of U.S. youth. As children with migration backgrounds are the fastest-growing segment of the population (Tienda and Haskins 2011), the future direction of these trends increasingly will depend on nativity differentials in health and health behavior. Sexual and reproductive health and behavior during the transition to adulthood have lifelong implications for health and wellbeing, and major economic consequences as medical costs skyrocket. Despite a large body of work on the immigrant health advantage, and nativity differences in fertility, research to date on the sexual and reproductive health and behavior of immigrant youth has been limited and has stopped short of explaining observed nativity differentials. Dr. Goldberg proposes to use two nationally representative longitudinal surveys to examine nativity differences in the timing of sexual initiation and first birth and the presence of sexually transmitted infections among young men and women in the United States, and to investigate key mechanisms for nativity differentials in health. It is conceivable that recent immigrants' observed health advantage across a variety of outcomes (e.g., Cho et al. 2004; Hummer et al. 2007) reflects their source country socialization. To examine whether and how context of socialization influences observed links between nativity and youth sexual and reproductive health and behavior, Dr. Goldberg proposes to pair measures of age at immigration, an important proxy for the extent of early socialization into host country institutions and values, and region of origin. The proposed research also will investigate whether and how various types of family instability mediate observed relationships between nativity and the outcomes of interest. A major explanation for the immigrant health advantage centers on immigrant children's greater tendency than natives to live with married parents in stable unions (Perreira and Ornelas 2011; Haskins and Tienda 2011); however, family disruption and reconstitution associated with immigration, and periods of doubling up with extended kin and non-kin, may pose risks for youth with migration backgrounds (Adsera and Tienda 2012; Angel and Tienda 1982; Tienda and Angel 1982). To fulfill the proposed research plan, Dr. Goldberg requires additional substantive training in the areas of international immigration and U.S. children and families, and methodological training in topics such as survival analysis and multilevel modeling. Dr. Goldberg's team of mentors have developed a customized training plan that includes formal coursework and seminars in addition to one-on-one mentoring, which is designed to execute the proposed research plan within the planned timeframe; to extend her professional networks; to enhance her publication record; and, importantly, to produce a competitive federal grant proposal. Combined, these activities will ensure her success in obtaining an academic position at a major research university.

描述(由申请人提供)：过去20年见证了美国年轻人在性健康和生殖健康以及行为方面的重大变化。由于有移民背景的儿童是人口中增长最快的部分(Tienda和Haskins，2011年)，这些趋势的未来方向将越来越取决于健康和健康行为方面的出生差异。成年期间的性健康和生殖健康和行为对健康和福祉具有终生影响，并随着医疗成本飙升而产生重大经济后果。尽管有大量关于移民健康优势和出生地生育率差异的工作，但迄今为止，关于移民青年的性健康和生殖健康及行为的研究一直有限，而且没有解释观察到的出生地差异。戈德伯格博士建议使用两项具有全国代表性的纵向调查，来检验美国年轻男性和女性在性行为开始和第一次生育的时间上的出生差异，以及性传播感染的存在，并调查出生在健康方面存在差异的关键机制。可以想象，最近移民观察到的各种结果的健康优势(例如，Cho等人)。2004年；悍马等人。2007年)反映了其来源国的社会化。为了检验社会化背景是否以及如何影响出生与青年性健康和生殖健康及行为之间的观察到的联系，戈德伯格博士建议将移民年龄指标配对，这是衡量早期社会化程度、融入东道国机构和价值观以及原籍地区的重要指标。这项拟议的研究还将调查各种类型的家庭不稳定是否以及如何调节出生和感兴趣的结果之间的观察到的关系。移民健康优势的一个主要解释集中在移民子女比原住民更倾向于与稳定的婚姻中的已婚父母住在一起(Perreira和Ornelas 2011年；Haskins和Tienda 2011年)；然而，与移民相关的家庭破坏和重建，以及与远亲和非亲属合住的时期，可能会给有移民背景的青年带来风险(Adsera和Tienda 2012；Angel和Tienda 1982；Tianda和Angel 1982)。为了完成拟议的研究计划，戈德伯格博士需要在国际移民、美国儿童和家庭领域进行额外的实质性培训，并在生存分析和多层次建模等主题上进行方法论培训。戈德伯格博士的导师团队已经制定了一个定制的培训计划，除了一对一的指导之外，还包括正式的课程和研讨会，目的是在计划的时间框架内执行拟议的研究计划；扩大她的专业网络；改善她的出版记录；以及更重要的是，产生一个有竞争力的联邦拨款提案。这些活动加在一起，将确保她成功地在一所主要的研究型大学获得学术职位。