Regulation of pathogen-specific T cell immunity by adenosine generation

通过腺苷生成调节病原体特异性 T 细胞免疫

• 批准号: 8418688
• 负责人: DIRK HOMANN
• 金额: $ 33.69万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-01 至 2017-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8418688
• 关键词: Ablation; Acute; Acute Disease; Acute Lung Injury; Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor; Adenosine A2A Receptor; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiviral Agents; Area; Autocrine Communication; Binding; Biological Models; Boxing; CD8B1 gene; Cells; Cessation of life; Childhood; Clinical; Communicable Diseases; Consensus; Data; Development; Disease; Documentation; Elderly; Foundations; Generations; Goals; Half-Life; Immune; Immune response; Immune system; Immunity; Immunosuppressive Agents; In Vitro; Individual; Infection; Influenza; Label; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus; Memory; Modality; Modeling; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; Mouse Strains; Mus; Nucleotidases; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Population; Prevention; Process; Property; Public Health; Purinergic P1 Receptors; Regimen; Regulation; Research; Resolution; Respiratory Tract Infections; Role; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; System; T cell response; T memory cell; T-Lymphocyte; Therapeutic; Treatment Efficacy; Vaccination; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; effective therapy; extracellular; gain of function; improved; in vivo; in vivo Model; influenzavirus; insight; loss of function; lung injury; mutant; neutralizing antibody; novel; novel therapeutic intervention; novel therapeutics; nucleotidase; pandemic disease; pathogen; preclinical study; prevent; receptor; reconstitution; research study; respiratory; secondary infection

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Infectious diseases, including virus-induced respiratory infections and resultant acute lung injury, pose a considerable challenge to afflicted individuals, to the development of effective treatment modalities and to public health initiatives at large and the effective control of viral infections will require a more detailed understanding o the immune mechanisms involved in the eradication of relevant pathogens. An essential component of most antiviral and many antibacterial immune responses is the generation of pathogen-specific CD8+T cell immunity. Following resolution of acute disease or successful vaccination regimens, specific CD8+ effector T cells (CD8+TE) are subject to a gradual differentiation process that culminates in the establishment of specific CD8+T cell memory. Upon re-infection with the same or related viral pathogens, virus-specific CD8+ memory T cels (CD8+TM), together with neutralizing antibodies, provide enhanced protection due to their capacity to curtail viral spread, minimize clinical disease and avert potential death of infected hosts. In an effort to define the molecular, phenotypic and functional properties of highly protective CD8+TM, we have made the unexpected discovery that the development of robust secondary CD8+T cell responses is contingent upon effective adenosine generation and signaling in a "CD8+TM-intrinsic" fashion. The notion that adenosine generation/signaling can potentiate virus-specific CD8+T cell responses constitutes a novel concept, challenges the prevailing consensus about adenosine as a primarily "immunosuppressive" agent, and suggests the possibility of novel therapeutic avenues for promotion of antiviral T cell immunity. Here, we have developed a research plan that will identify, interrogate and characterize the molecular components in the adenosine generation/signaling pathway that promote secondary reactivity of virus- specific CD8+TM, that will define the precise patho-physiological context for "proinflammatory" adenosine generation and signaling (Specific Aims 1 and 2), and that will harness relevant insights obtained in the process of these studies for the development of novel therapeutic approaches that aim to amplify protective CD8+T cell immunity in a model for influenza virus-induced acute lung injury (Specific Aim 3). The continued and considerable burden of virus-induced acute lung injury, especially among pediatric and geriatric populations, emphasizes the urgent need for novel treatment approaches. We believe that the combination of mechanistic, contextual and pre-clinical studies as proposed in the present application has the potential to provide a rational foundation for the development of such therapeutic strategies.

描述（由申请方提供）：传染病，包括病毒引起的呼吸道感染和由此产生的急性肺损伤，对患病个体、有效治疗方式的开发和公共卫生倡议构成了相当大的挑战，有效控制病毒感染将需要更详细地了解根除相关病原体所涉及的免疫机制。大多数抗病毒和许多抗菌免疫应答的基本组成部分是病原体特异性CD 8 +T细胞免疫的产生。在急性疾病消退或成功的疫苗接种方案后，特异性CD 8+效应T细胞（CD 8 +TE）经历逐渐分化过程，最终建立特异性CD 8 +T细胞记忆。在再次感染相同或相关的病毒病原体时，病毒特异性CD 8+记忆T细胞（CD 8 +TM）与中和抗体一起提供增强的保护，因为它们能够减少病毒传播，最大限度地减少临床疾病并避免受感染宿主的潜在死亡。在定义高度保护性CD 8 +TM的分子、表型和功能特性的努力中，我们意外地发现，稳健的次级CD 8 +T细胞应答的发展取决于有效的腺苷产生和以“CD 8 + TM-内在”方式的信号传导。腺苷生成/信号传导可以增强病毒特异性CD 8 +T细胞应答的概念构成了一个新的概念，挑战了关于腺苷作为主要“免疫抑制”剂的普遍共识，并提示了用于促进抗病毒T细胞免疫的新治疗途径的可能性。在这里，我们已经制定了一项研究计划，将确定，询问和表征腺苷产生/信号传导途径中促进病毒特异性CD 8 +TM次级反应性的分子组分，这将定义“促炎”腺苷产生和信号传导的精确病理生理背景（具体目标1和2），这将利用这些研究过程中获得的相关见解，开发旨在增强保护性CD 8+的新治疗方法。流感病毒诱导的急性肺损伤模型中的T细胞免疫（具体目标3）。病毒引起的急性肺损伤的持续和相当大的负担，特别是在儿科和老年人群中，强调了对新治疗方法的迫切需要。我们相信，本申请中提出的机制、背景和临床前研究的组合具有为开发这种治疗策略提供合理基础的潜力。