Understandings The Immunopathogenesis of Malaria in Latin

项目总结(见说明)： 该项目的主要目标是确定生活在拉丁美洲(LA)非亚马逊地区、疟疾传播强度不同的疟疾感染者的临床结果及其与寄生虫和宿主特征的关系。假设间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫共存的低传播区和高传播区的疟疾感染者的临床表现不同。这些研究将通过下列具体措施进行：1)建立不同流行病学环境下疟疾的临床概况及其与寄生虫和宿主免疫状况的关系；2)评估疟疾混合感染的流行率及其对疾病临床结局的影响；3)确定与疟疾感染有关的血液学表现的流行率及其与伴随免疫状况、营养因素和蠕虫合并感染的关系；4)确定胎盘疟疾的流行率及其对新生儿健康和儿童发育的影响。这是一项在拉丁美洲进行的多点中心研究，将对3,600名1-3人和200名新生儿进行横断面、队列研究和纵向队列研究，目标4。将进行寄生虫学、血液学和免疫学评估，并将评估伴随的非疟疾感染。 将使用基于国际准则(BMI和ICF)的当地标准化问卷，评估疟疾对儿童生长发育和损害程度的影响。该项目提出的总体研究不仅将更好地了解洛杉矶疟疾的免疫发病机制，还将为疟疾病例管理、包括抗疟疾治疗在内的控制战略、未来疟疾疫苗的使用以及改善洛杉矶疟疾流行地区儿童发育结果的干预措施提供有用的信息。

PROJECT SUMMARY (See Instructions): The main objective of this project Is to determine the clinical outcomes and their association with parasite and host features of malaria-infected individuals living In non-Amazon regions of Latin America (LA) with different intensities of malaria transmission. It is hypothesized that clinical manifestations of malaria in infected individuals living in high malaria transmission areas are different from those observed in low transmission areas in which both parasites P. vivax and P. falciparum co-exist. These studies will be conducted through the following specific alms: 1) establishment of the clinical profile of malaria In different epidemiological settings and their association with parasite and host immunological status:; 2) assess the prevalence of malaria mixed infections and its influence in the clinical outcomes of the disease; 3) determine the prevalence of hematological manifestations related to malaria infection and their association with concomitant immune status nutritional factors, and helminth co-infections, and 4) determine the prevalence of placental malaria and Its impact on neonatal health and child development. This is a multisite center study in Latin America in which cross-sectional, cohort studies and longitudinal and cohort studies will be performed In 3,600 individuals for alms 1-3 and 200 newborns for aim 4. Parasitological, hematological, and immunological evaluations will be performed and concomitant non-malaria infections will be evaluated. The impact of malaria on child growth and development and level of impairment will be assessed using locally standardized questionnaires based on International guidelines (BMI and ICF). The overall studies proposed in this project will not only provide a better understanding ofthe immunopathogenesis of malaria in LA but will also generate useful Information for malaria case management, control strategies including antimalaria therapy, future use of malaria vaccine and points of intervention to improve developmental outcomes of children living in malaria endemic regions of LA.