Neuroimaging study of HIV-prevention public service announcements

艾滋病预防公益广告的神经影像学研究

• 批准号: 8540802
• 负责人: DANIEL D LANGLEBEN
• 金额: $ 16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2015-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8540802
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Adult; Advertising; Affect; African American; Area; Attitude; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cognitive; Data; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Focus Groups; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Generic Drugs; Goals; Growth; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health Communication; Health education; Heterosexuals; Individual; Knowledge; Learning; Letters; Media Campaign; Medial; Mediating; Methods; Neurosciences; Online Systems; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Pennsylvania; Performance; Persons; Persuasive Communication; Population; Population Study; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Prevention Research; Principal Investigator; Process; Public Health; Publishing; Race; Research; Research Personnel; Risk Behaviors; Services; Sex Behavior; Sex Characteristics; Sex Orientation; Signal Transduction; Surveys; Technology; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Tobacco; Translating; Universities; Unsafe Sex; Work; addiction; age group; base; blood oxygen level dependent; cohort; condoms; design; experience; frontal lobe; high risk; improved; innovation; men who have sex with men; neuroimaging; novel; public health relevance; racial difference; rapid growth; response; safer sex; sex; success; tobacco control; tool; transmission process; young man; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Public service announcements (PSAs) are the key component of media public health HIV prevention efforts targeting HIV risk behaviors. Growth in Web-based advertising and health education extends the potential applications of PSA. Improved methods of PSA evaluation beyond the traditional approaches based on self- report could help improve effectiveness of PSA. We have previously shown that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brain could be a novel tool for objective evaluation of anti-tobacco PSAs. Ongoing work by our group and others, suggests that the brain fMRI correlates of elaborated cognitive processing and personal relevance of PSA can predict positive behavioral changes after anti-tobacco PSA exposure. The present proposal is to extend the data on the brain and behavioral effects of anti-tobacco PSA to the field of HIV/AIDS prevention. Our preliminary fMRI study in healthy young men and women viewing generic PSAs promoting safer sex (SS PSA) that feature predominantly Caucasian actors and heterosexual themes, show gender and race differences in the brain fMRI response to these PSA. African American men who have sex with men (AA MSM) are at highest risk for HIV infection in the US, yet most HIV prevention PSAs are not "tailored" for this population. We propose to evaluate the impact of the level of personal relevance (tailoring) of HIV prevention PSA on their intended outcomes, by comparing the brain and behavioral outcomes of more and less personally relevant ("tailored" and "untailored") SS PSA in a cohort of 44 AA MSM assigned to view either tailored or untailored SS PSA. We hypothesize that tailoring is likely to be at least as importan for the effectiveness of SS PSA as it is for anti-tobacco PSA. Our specific hypotheses are that (1) SS PSAs "tailored" to viewer's sexual orientation and race will be better remembered and associated with greater change in the condom use attitudes, than the untailored SS PSA~ (2) Tailored SS PSA induce greater activation in the brain areas related to the self-referential and elaborative process, than the untailored PSA and (3) Brain activation in regions associated with the self-referential process will predict subsequent recall of the PSA and change in condom use attitudes. The proposal would be the first to translate the rapidly growing fund of knowledge on the neuroscience of persuasive communications developed predominantly in the field of tobacco control, to a population at highest risk for HIV acquisition and transmission in the US. The proposal is innovative in its combination of technology, study population and the trans-disciplinary approach. The novelty of this proposal is further underscored by the rapid growth of specialized and personalized Web based venues, through which individuals can access personally relevant health communications. Performance of the project will enable the proposed principal investigator to merge his extensive experience in neuroimaging research on addiction and on public health communications at the intersection of HIV/AIDS and SUD research.

描述（由申请人提供）：公益广告（PSA）是针对艾滋病毒风险行为的媒体公共卫生艾滋病毒预防工作的关键组成部分。 基于网络的广告和健康教育的增长扩展了PSA的潜在应用。 在传统的基于自我报告的PSA评估方法之外，改进PSA评估方法有助于提高PSA的有效性。我们以前已经表明，大脑的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）可能是一种新的工具，用于客观评价反烟草PSA。我们小组和其他人正在进行的工作表明，大脑功能磁共振成像与PSA的详细认知过程和个人相关性相关，可以预测抗烟草PSA暴露后的积极行为变化。 目前的建议是将反烟草PSA对大脑和行为影响的数据扩展到艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防领域。 我们对健康的年轻男性和女性进行了初步的fMRI研究，他们观看了以白人演员和异性恋主题为主的促进安全性行为（SS PSA）的通用PSA，显示了大脑对这些PSA的fMRI反应的性别和种族差异。在美国，与男性发生性关系的非洲裔美国人（AA MSM）感染艾滋病毒的风险最高，但大多数艾滋病毒预防PSA并不是为这一人群“量身定制”的。我们建议评估艾滋病毒预防PSA的个人相关性（定制）的水平对他们预期的结果的影响，通过比较大脑和行为的结果更多和更少的个人相关性（“定制”和“未定制”）SS PSA在一个队列的44 AA男男性接触者被分配到查看定制或未定制的SS PSA。 我们假设，定制可能至少是一样importan的有效性SS PSA，因为它是抗烟草PSA。我们的具体假设是：（1）与非定制的SSPSA相比，定制的SSPSA能更好地记住观看者的性取向和种族，并且与安全套使用态度的更大变化相关。（2）定制的SSPSA能诱导与自我参照和精心制作过程相关的大脑区域的更大激活，（3）与自我参照过程相关的脑区激活将预测随后的PSA回忆和安全套使用态度的改变。该提案将是第一个将主要在烟草控制领域开发的快速增长的说服性通信神经科学知识转化为美国艾滋病毒感染和传播风险最高的人群的提案。 该提案在技术、研究人群和跨学科方法的结合方面具有创新性。这一建议的新奇进一步强调了快速增长的专业化和个性化的基于Web的场所，通过它，个人可以访问个人相关的健康通信。该项目的执行将使拟议的首席研究员能够将他在艾滋病毒/艾滋病和SUD研究交叉点的成瘾神经成像研究和公共卫生传播方面的丰富经验结合起来。