Neuroimaging study of HIV-prevention public service announcements

艾滋病预防公益广告的神经影像学研究

• 批准号: 8627156
• 负责人: DANIEL D LANGLEBEN
• 金额: $ 16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8627156
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Address; Adult; Advertising; Affect; African American; Area; Attitude; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Cognitive; Data; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Focus Groups; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Generic Drugs; Goals; Growth; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health Communication; Health education; Heterosexuals; Individual; Knowledge; Learning; Letters; Media Campaign; Medial; Mediating; Methods; Neurosciences; Online Systems; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Pennsylvania; Performance; Persons; Persuasive Communication; Population; Population Study; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Prevention Research; Principal Investigator; Process; Public Health; Publishing; Race; Research; Research Personnel; Risk Behaviors; Services; Sex Behavior; Sex Characteristics; Sex Orientation; Signal Transduction; Surveys; Technology; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Tobacco; Translating; Universities; Unsafe Sex; Work; addiction; age group; base; blood oxygen level dependent; cohort; condoms; design; experience; frontal lobe; high risk; improved; innovation; men who have sex with men; neuroimaging; novel; public health relevance; racial difference; rapid growth; response; safer sex; sex; success; tobacco control; tool; transmission process; young man; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Public service announcements (PSAs) are the key component of media public health HIV prevention efforts targeting HIV risk behaviors. Growth in Web-based advertising and health education extends the potential applications of PSA. Improved methods of PSA evaluation beyond the traditional approaches based on self- report could help improve effectiveness of PSA. We have previously shown that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the brain could be a novel tool for objective evaluation of anti-tobacco PSAs. Ongoing work by our group and others, suggests that the brain fMRI correlates of elaborated cognitive processing and personal relevance of PSA can predict positive behavioral changes after anti-tobacco PSA exposure. The present proposal is to extend the data on the brain and behavioral effects of anti-tobacco PSA to the field of HIV/AIDS prevention. Our preliminary fMRI study in healthy young men and women viewing generic PSAs promoting safer sex (SS PSA) that feature predominantly Caucasian actors and heterosexual themes, show gender and race differences in the brain fMRI response to these PSA. African American men who have sex with men (AA MSM) are at highest risk for HIV infection in the US, yet most HIV prevention PSAs are not "tailored" for this population. We propose to evaluate the impact of the level of personal relevance (tailoring) of HIV prevention PSA on their intended outcomes, by comparing the brain and behavioral outcomes of more and less personally relevant ("tailored" and "untailored") SS PSA in a cohort of 44 AA MSM assigned to view either tailored or untailored SS PSA. We hypothesize that tailoring is likely to be at least as importan for the effectiveness of SS PSA as it is for anti-tobacco PSA. Our specific hypotheses are that (1) SS PSAs "tailored" to viewer's sexual orientation and race will be better remembered and associated with greater change in the condom use attitudes, than the untailored SS PSA~ (2) Tailored SS PSA induce greater activation in the brain areas related to the self-referential and elaborative process, than the untailored PSA and (3) Brain activation in regions associated with the self-referential process will predict subsequent recall of the PSA and change in condom use attitudes. The proposal would be the first to translate the rapidly growing fund of knowledge on the neuroscience of persuasive communications developed predominantly in the field of tobacco control, to a population at highest risk for HIV acquisition and transmission in the US. The proposal is innovative in its combination of technology, study population and the trans-disciplinary approach. The novelty of this proposal is further underscored by the rapid growth of specialized and personalized Web based venues, through which individuals can access personally relevant health communications. Performance of the project will enable the proposed principal investigator to merge his extensive experience in neuroimaging research on addiction and on public health communications at the intersection of HIV/AIDS and SUD research.

描述（由申请人提供）：公共服务公告（PSA）是针对艾滋病毒危险行为的媒体公共卫生艾滋病毒预防工作的关键组成部分。 基于网络的广告和健康教育的增长扩展了 PSA 的潜在应用。 超越基于自我报告的传统方法的改进 PSA 评估方法有助于提高 PSA 的有效性。我们之前已经表明，大脑功能磁共振成像（fMRI）可能是客观评估抗烟草PSA的一种新工具。我们小组和其他人正在进行的工作表明，大脑功能磁共振成像与复杂的认知处理和 PSA 的个人相关性相关联，可以预测抗烟草 PSA 暴露后的积极行为变化。 目前的提议是将抗烟PSA对大脑和行为影响的数据扩展到艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防领域。 我们对健康年轻男性和女性进行的初步功能磁共振成像研究显示，在观看促进安全性行为的通用公益广告（SS PSA）时，这些公益广告主要以白人演员和异性恋为主题，结果显示大脑功能磁共振成像对这些公益广告的反应存在性别和种族差异。在美国，男男性行为者 (AA MSM) 的非裔美国男性感染艾滋病毒的风险最高，但大多数艾滋病毒预防公益广告并不是针对这一人群“量身定制”的。我们建议评估 HIV 预防 PSA 的个人相关性（定制）水平对其预期结果的影响，方法是比较 44 名 AA MSM 被分配观看定制或未定制 SS PSA 的队列中更多和更少个人相关（“定制”和“非定制”）SS PSA 的大脑和行为结果。 我们假设，定制对于 SS PSA 的有效性可能至少与防烟 PSA 一样重要。我们的具体假设是：(1) 与未定制的 SS PSA 相比，根据观看者的性取向和种族“定制”的 SS PSA 会被更好地记住，并且与安全套使用态度的更大变化相关~(2) 定制的 SS PSA 比未定制的 PSA 更能诱导与自我参照和精细过程相关的大脑区域的激活；(3) 与自我参照过程相关的区域的大脑激活 将预测随后 PSA 的召回以及安全套使用态度的变化。该提案将是第一个将主要在烟草控制领域开发的说服性沟通神经科学快速增长的知识基金转化为美国艾滋病毒感染和传播风险最高的人群的提案。 该提案在技术、研究人群和跨学科方法的结合方面具有创新性。专业化和个性化网络场所的快速增长进一步凸显了该提案的新颖性，个人可以通过这些场所访问与个人相关的健康通信。该项目的实施将使拟议的首席研究员能够将他在成瘾神经影像研究和艾滋病毒/艾滋病和 SUD 研究交叉领域的公共卫生传播方面的丰富经验结合起来。