Evolution of sex chromosome meiotic drive in stalk eyed fly populations

茎眼蝇种群性染色体减数分裂驱动的进化

• 批准号: 8524599
• 负责人: Kimberly A Paczolt
• 金额: $ 4.92万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8524599
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alleles; Behavioral Research; Biological Models; Chromosomes, Human, 4-5; Classification; Conflict (Psychology); DNA Transposable Elements; Data; Diptera; Drosophila genus; Elements; Enhancers; Event; Evolution; Extinction (Psychology); Eye; Female; Frequencies; Gene Duplication; Gene Expression Profile; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Research; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Haplotypes; Hybrids; Individual; Knowledge; Left; Link; Meiosis; Modeling; Morphology; Movement; Organism; Partner in relationship; Pattern; Phenotype; Phylogenetic Analysis; Population; Population Theory; Process; Research; Resources; Rest; Role; Sex Chromosomes; Sex Ratio; Source; Specimen; Spermatids; Spermatogenesis; Sterility; System; Testing; Testis; Transcript; Variant; X Chromosome; Y-Bearing Sperms; fitness; fly; genetic element; genetic evolution; improved; interest; killings; male; offspring; preference; public health relevance; reproductive; research study; sex; sex determination; sperm cell; trait; transcriptome sequencing; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sex chromosome meiotic drive is caused by a selfish genetic element that produces a highly skewed offspring sex ratio, often by killing all Y-bearing spermatids during spermatogenesis. This process results in intense intragenomic conflict between the selfish meiotic drive element and the rest of the genome, which is expected to have far reaching effects on the evolution of the genome. The long-term goal of this proposal is to better understand how meiotic drive evolves. One aim utilizes RNA-seq to sequence the testes transcriptome of drive and non-drive males from five wild populations of the stalk-eyed fly, Teleopsis dalmanni, in order to identify genes associated with meiotic drive in these populations. These data will be used to test the hypothesis that intragenomic conflict caused by meiotic drive has driven increased gene duplication and gene movement. A second aim asks what selective forces affect the evolution of meiotic drive in populations. This question is addressed using an experimental evolution approach to ask whether sexual selection acts to limit the transmission of drive and how the presence of drive affects the evolution of sexually selected traits in artificial populations. This research expands our understanding of the evolution of meiotic drive by providing a useful contrast with previous research within the genus Drosophila, where sex ratio meiotic drive has also been studied. This proposal also has biomedical relevance because it will improve our understanding of spermatogenesis by investigating the evolution of natural variation in spermatogenesis, by comparing sex-ratio and standard males, on the level of genes and populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：性染色体减数分裂驱动是由自私的遗传因素引起的，该遗传因素通常通过在精子发生过程中杀死所有带有 Y 的精子细胞来产生高度倾斜的后代性别比例。这一过程导致自私减数分裂驱动元件与基因组其余部分之间发生激烈的基因组内冲突，预计这将对基因组的进化产生深远的影响。该提案的长期目标是更好地了解减数分裂驱动力是如何进化的。其中一个目标是利用 RNA-seq 对来自 5 个野生茎眼果蝇种群的驱动力和非驱动力雄性的睾丸转录组进行测序，以便识别这些种群中与减数分裂驱动力相关的基因。这些数据将用于检验减数分裂驱动引起的基因组内冲突导致基因复制和基因运动增加的假设。第二个目标是询问什么选择力影响群体减数分裂驱动的进化。使用实验进化方法来解决这个问题，以询问性选择是否会限制内驱力的传递，以及内驱力的存在如何影响人工种群中性选择特征的进化。这项研究扩展了我们对进化的理解 通过与之前在果蝇属内的研究提供有用的对比，对减数分裂驱动进行了研究，其中也研究了性别比例减数分裂驱动。该提议还具有生物医学意义，因为它将通过研究精子发生自然变异的进化、通过在基因和群体水平上比较性别比和标准男性来提高我们对精子发生的理解。