Effects of visual fields on standing balance

视野对站立平衡的影响

• 批准号: 8582250
• 负责人: RAKIE CHAM
• 金额: $ 7.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8582250
• 关键词: Acute; Age; Age related macular degeneration; Blindness; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Contact Lenses; Data; Detection; Disease; Economic Burden; Elderly; Environment; Equilibrium; Etiology; Glaucoma; Goals; Impairment; Injury; Intervention; Knowledge; Linear Models; Modeling; Motion; Ocular Pathology; Participant; Patients; Performance; Peripheral; Play; Process; Public Health; Quality of life; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sensory; Societies; Statistical Models; Testing; Vision; Visual; Visual Fields; Visual system structure; age related; balance testing; base; central visual field; clinically significant; design; effective intervention; equilibration disorder; falls; improved; interest; lens; novel; older patient; optic flow; public health relevance; research study; response; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Age-related vision impairments are a well-acknowledged risk factor for geriatric falls. The goal of the proposed pilot research is to determine the importance of central and peripheral visual field loss on the ability to integrate balance-related sensory information during standing in young and older adults. Two types of visual field loss will be considered: a) sudden occlusion of the central and peripheral visual fiel loss through the use of specially-designed contact lenses in healthy young and older adults, and b) chronic central and peripheral visual field loss in older patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma. Our first hypothesis is that peripheral vision dominates over central vision in postural stabilization, particularly in older adults (Aim #1). This will be teste using contact lenses to occlude peripheral or central vision in healthy young and older adults, thus inducing a model of acute of peripheral or central vision loss. Our second hypothesis is that the ability to integrate sensory information important for balance will be different between older patients (AMD or glaucoma) and healthy older participants with acute central or peripheral visual losses (Aim #2). This can be attributed to central adaptation processes found in patients. Three groups of participants between the ages of 65 and 85 years will be recruited for participation: (1) ten healthy subjects screened for ocular pathologies, (2) ten patients with advanced AMD, (3) ten patients with advanced glaucoma. Additionally, ten young subjects between the ages of 25 and 35 years will participate in the proposed experiments. All subjects will be screened for clinically significant conditions that impact balance. Eligible subjects will undergo both well- established and novel balance tests. Appropriately constructed mixed linear statistical models will be fit to each of the balance variables of interest to determine the impact of acute and chronic visual field losses on the ability to integrate balance-related sensory information during standing.

描述（由申请人提供）：与视力相关的视力障碍是公认的老年福尔斯跌倒的风险因素。拟议的试点研究的目标是确定在年轻人和老年人站立期间，中央和周边视野损失对整合平衡相关感觉信息的能力的重要性。将考虑两种类型的视野丧失：a）在健康年轻人和老年人中通过使用专门设计的接触镜导致的中央和周边视野丧失的突然闭塞，以及B）患有年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）和青光眼的老年患者中的慢性中央和周边视野丧失。我们的第一个假设是，在姿势稳定性方面，周边视觉优于中央视觉，特别是在老年人中（目标#1）。这将通过使用接触镜来遮挡健康年轻人和老年人的周边或中心视力，从而诱导急性周边或中心视力丧失模型来进行测试。我们的第二个假设是，老年患者（AMD或青光眼）和患有急性中枢或外周视力丧失的健康老年参与者之间整合对平衡重要的感觉信息的能力将是不同的（目标#2）。这可以归因于在患者中发现的中枢适应过程。将招募三组年龄在65岁至85岁之间的参与者参与：（1）十名健康受试者接受眼部病理筛查，（2）十名晚期AMD患者，（3）十名晚期青光眼患者。此外，10名年龄在25至35岁之间的年轻受试者将参加拟议的实验。将对所有受试者进行影响平衡的临床显著性疾病筛查。合格受试者将接受完善的和新的平衡测试。将适当构建的混合线性统计模型拟合到每个感兴趣的平衡变量，以确定影响 急性和慢性视野丧失对站立时整合平衡相关感觉信息的能力的影响。