Role of Attention in Balance and Mobility in Autism Spectrum Disorders

注意力在自闭症谱系障碍中平衡和活动能力中的作用

• 批准号: 9245303
• 负责人: RAKIE CHAM
• 金额: $ 22.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9245303
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Attention; Cognition; Cognitive; Comb animal structure; Communication impairment; Conflict (Psychology); Control Groups; Cues; Decision Making; Deterioration; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Down-Regulation; Elderly; Environment; Equilibrium; Etiology; Gait; Gender; Goals; Impairment; Individual; Infant; Intervention; Link; Literature; Methodology; Motor; Movement; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; Performance; Posture; Process; Reaction Time; Reporting; Research Design; Resolution; Risk; Role; Sensory; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Testing; Toddler; Treatment Efficacy; Triad Acrylic Resin; Walking; Weight; autism spectrum disorder; base; design; information processing; insight; interest; locomotor control; locomotor tasks; motor impairment; multisensory; novel; novel therapeutics; programs; repetitive behavior; sensory integration; sensory system; social cognition; visual-vestibular; young adult

Summary Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) extend beyond the traditional diagnostic triad of social cognition deficits, communication impairments, and limited interests / repetitive behaviors. Converging evidence supports the presence of motor abnormalities in the domain of postural control, including balance and gait. The understanding of these impairments is limited. The long-term goal of our team is to identify mechanisms underlying motor and postural impairments in ASD to further the understanding of the bases of ASD. The proposed project represents an initial step in a program of research designed to identify potential mechanisms underlying motor and postural impairments in ASD. More specifically, here we focus on links between postural/locomotor control and cognition (specifically the top-down regulation of access to the limited process of action control, or `attention for action') in ASD. Our main hypothesis is that postural control difficulties in ASD are due to problems in attention-related processes, which then elicit action control that transiently inhibits action, slowing appropriate postural adjustment. We will test this hypothesis by using dual-task paradigms that combine information-processing (IP) tasks and challenging posture/locomotor tasks. These tasks add an additional requirement for action and thus probe the capacity of the action control process. Thirty young adults diagnosed with ASD (21-45 years old) and 30 age-, gender- and IQ- matched controls will be tested. The dual-task paradigms will include IP tasks (simple and choice reaction time tasks) concurrently presented with standing and walking tasks requiring sensorimotor re-weighting. Simple reaction time tasks minimally challenge action control, while choice reaction time tasks probe decision-making between alternative actions, thus challenging action control more than simple reaction time tasks. Potential findings of the proposed project will enhance our understanding of the etiology of motor impairments and functional consequences of balance difficulties in ASD, both of which may contribute to the development of novel and more effective therapeutic approaches.

总结 自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的症状超出了传统的社会诊断三要素， 认知缺陷、沟通障碍和兴趣有限/重复行为。会聚 证据支持姿势控制领域存在运动异常，包括平衡和 步态对这些缺陷的理解是有限的。我们团队的长期目标是 ASD中运动和姿势障碍的潜在机制，以进一步了解 自闭症拟议中的项目是一项研究计划的第一步，该计划旨在确定潜在的 ASD中运动和姿势障碍的潜在机制。更具体地说，这里我们关注的是链接 姿势/运动控制和认知之间的关系（特别是对有限的 行动控制过程，或“注意行动”）。我们的主要假设是姿势控制 ASD的困难是由于注意力相关过程的问题，然后引发行动控制 暂时抑制行动，减缓适当的姿势调整。我们将通过以下方式检验这一假设： 使用将联合收割机信息处理（IP）任务和挑战性姿势/运动相结合的双任务范例 任务这些任务增加了对动作的额外要求，从而探测动作控制的能力 过程30名被诊断为ASD的年轻人（21-45岁）和30名年龄、性别和智商匹配的 将测试对照品。双任务范式将包括IP任务（简单和选择反应时间任务） 同时呈现需要感觉运动重新加权的站立和行走任务。简单反应 时间任务最低限度地挑战行动控制，而选择反应时间任务则探索决策， 替代行动，从而挑战行动控制比简单的反应时间的任务。潜在的调查结果 建议的项目将加强我们对运动障碍和功能障碍的病因学的理解。 ASD中平衡困难的后果，这两者都可能有助于发展新的和 更有效的治疗方法。