Contextual Influences on Adolescent and Young Adult Alcohol Use Development

环境对青少年和年轻人饮酒发展的影响

• 批准号: 8508623
• 负责人: Aubrey Spriggs Madkour
• 金额: $ 13.27万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-10 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8508623
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Age of Onset; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Attention; Award; Behavior; Biometry; Cause of Death; Child Development; Code; Complex; Data; Data Set; Development; Diagnostic; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Equation; Failure; Family; Foundations; France; Funding; Future; Gender; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Growth; Health; Home environment; Household; Income; Individual; Influentials; Injury; Intentional injury; Intervention; Joints; Knowledge; Laws; Leadership; Learning; Left; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Personality; Play; Policies; Prevalence; Process; Publications; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Schools; Sex Characteristics; Shapes; Speed; Subgroup; Taxes; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Training; Trauma; Travel; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vehicle crash; Victimization; Violence; Work; Youth; age group; alcohol misuse; base; binge drinking; career; career development; college; contextual factors; density of AOD outlets; drinking; economic cost; emerging adult; experience; high risk; high school; innovation; legal drinking age; meetings; multilevel analysis; parental influence; parental monitoring; peer; peer influence; prevent; public health relevance; seal; skills; social; symposium; theories; underage drinking; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will provide the candidate with skills to pursue her long-term career goal to become an independent, NIH-funded researcher examining contextual influences on the development of substance use between adolescence and early adulthood. The training goals associat- ed with this award are for the candidate: (1) to receive advanced training in longitudinal methods, complex con- textual analyses, and substance use epidemiology by enrolling in graduate level courses and attending nation- al meetings; (2) to engage in longitudinal and contextual research under the mentorship of a renowned team involved in substance use research; (3) to apply the skills learned through conducting independent research using longitudinal georeferenced data; and (4) to develop leadership skills and qualifications for an academic career. Drs. Richard Scribner, Kristina Jackson, David Seal, and Frances Mather will serve as mentors on this award and will provide expertise in substance use epidemiology and development, contextual research meth- ods, longitudinal research methods, Biostatistics, and career development. The training goals will be met through individual and joint meetings with mentors; participation in graduate level coursework; attendance at conferences; mentored publication development; and execution of a research project. Tulane University will provide an environment conducive for research examining contextual effects on the development of alcohol and other substance use. The aims of the research, in which training will be applied, are: (1) to identify trajecto- ries of binge alohol use between adolescence and young adulthood, including differences by gender and schooling status and conjoint development with influential interpersonal processes; (2) to compare physical, policy and normative contextual correlates of binge alcohol use at ages 15-16, 18-19 and 23-24; and (3) to in- vestigate how changes in environments over time impact binge alcohol use trajectories in the post-high school transition. The research will include analysis of an existing longitudinal dataset, the Panel Study on Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement and Transition to Adulthood Study (PSID-CDS, PSID-TA). Geo- coded data from adolescent and young adult participants will be linked to data on physical, policy and norma- tive environments at the different ages. Longitudinal analyses will examine growth patterns of binge drinking, including whether these growth patterns correlate with changes in parental monitoring and peer alcohol use, or changes in status (i.e., enrolling in college, leaving the parent's home, becoming legal drinking age, etc.) Multi- level and spatial analyses will explore how various environmental influences are associated with binge drinking at different ages. Complex multilevel analyses will be explored to determine if changes in physical, policy or normative environments as participants age are associated with changes in binge drinking over time. Skills gained in this K01 will be used by the candidate to develop an R01 proposal examining multilevel determinants of alcohol use development among African American youth with varying levels of trauma exposure.

描述（由申请人提供）：该指导研究科学家发展奖 (K01) 将为候选人提供追求其长期职业目标的技能，成为一名独立的、由 NIH 资助的研究人员，研究青春期和成年早期物质使用发展的背景影响。与该奖项相关的培训目标是针对候选人：（1）通过参加研究生课程和参加国家会议，接受纵向方法、复杂背景分析和药物使用流行病学方面的高级培训； (2) 在药物使用研究知名团队的指导下从事纵向和情境研究； (3) 运用通过使用纵向地理参考数据进行独立研究所学到的技能； (4) 培养学术生涯的领导技能和资格。博士。理查德·斯克里布纳 (Richard Scribner)、克里斯蒂娜·杰克逊 (Kristina Jackson)、大卫·西尔 (David Seal) 和弗朗西斯·马瑟 (Frances Mather) 将担任该奖项的导师，并将提供物质使用流行病学和发展、背景研究方法、纵向研究方法、生物统计学和职业发展方面的专业知识。培训目标将通过与导师的单独和联合会议来实现；参与研究生水平的课程；出席会议；指导出版物开发；和研究项目的执行。杜兰大学将提供一个有利于研究酒精和其他物质使用发展的背景影响的环境。这项研究（其中将采用培训）的目的是：（1）确定青春期和成年早期酗酒的轨迹，包括性别和教育状况的差异以及与有影响力的人际关系过程的共同发展； (2) 比较 15-16 岁、18-19 岁和 23-24 岁人群酗酒的身体、政策和规范背景相关性； （3）研究环境随时间的变化如何影响高中后过渡时期的酗酒轨迹。该研究将包括对现有纵向数据集的分析、收入动态儿童发展补充小组研究和成年过渡研究（PSID-CDS、PSID-TA）。来自青少年和青年参与者的地理编码数据将与不同年龄段的物理、政策和规范环境数据相关联。纵向分析将考察酗酒的增长模式，包括这些增长模式是否与父母监测和同伴饮酒的变化或状态的变化（即上大学、离开父母的家、达到法定饮酒年龄等）相关。多层次和空间分析将探讨各种环境影响如何与不同年龄的酗酒相关。将探索复杂的多层次分析，以确定随着参与者年龄的增长，物理、政策或规范环境的变化是否与酗酒随时间的变化有关。候选人将利用在此 K01 中获得的技能来制定 R01 提案，该提案审查具有不同程度的创伤暴露的非裔美国青年中酒精使用发展的多层次决定因素。