Contextual Influences on Adolescent and Young Adult Alcohol Use Development

环境对青少年和年轻人饮酒发展的影响

• 批准号: 8883091
• 负责人: Aubrey Spriggs Madkour
• 金额: $ 12.13万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-10 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8883091
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Affect; African American; Age; Age of Onset; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Attention; Award; Bayesian Modeling; Behavior; Biometry; Cause of Death; Child Development; Code; Complex; Data; Data Set; Development; Diagnostic; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Equation; Failure; Family; Foundations; France; Funding; Future; Gender; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Growth; Health; Home environment; Household; Income; Individual; Influentials; Injury; Intentional injury; Intervention; Joints; Knowledge; Laws; Leadership; Learning; Left; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Personality; Play; Policies; Prevalence; Process; Publications; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Schools; Sex Characteristics; Shapes; Speed; Subgroup; Taxes; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Training; Trauma; Travel; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vehicle crash; Victimization; Violence; Work; Youth; age group; alcohol misuse; base; binge drinking; career; career development; college; contextual factors; density of AOD outlets; drinking; economic cost; emerging adult; experience; high risk; high school; innovation; legal drinking age; meetings; multilevel analysis; parental influence; parental monitoring; peer; peer influence; prevent; public health relevance; seal; skills; social; symposium; theories; underage drinking; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will provide the candidate with skills to pursue her long-term career goal to become an independent, NIH-funded researcher examining contextual influences on the development of substance use between adolescence and early adulthood. The training goals associat- ed with this award are for the candidate: (1) to receive advanced training in longitudinal methods, complex con- textual analyses, and substance use epidemiology by enrolling in graduate level courses and attending nation- al meetings; (2) to engage in longitudinal and contextual research under the mentorship of a renowned team involved in substance use research; (3) to apply the skills learned through conducting independent research using longitudinal georeferenced data; and (4) to develop leadership skills and qualifications for an academic career. Drs. Richard Scribner, Kristina Jackson, David Seal, and Frances Mather will serve as mentors on this award and will provide expertise in substance use epidemiology and development, contextual research meth- ods, longitudinal research methods, Biostatistics, and career development. The training goals will be met through individual and joint meetings with mentors; participation in graduate level coursework; attendance at conferences; mentored publication development; and execution of a research project. Tulane University will provide an environment conducive for research examining contextual effects on the development of alcohol and other substance use. The aims of the research, in which training will be applied, are: (1) to identify trajecto- ries of binge alohol use between adolescence and young adulthood, including differences by gender and schooling status and conjoint development with influential interpersonal processes; (2) to compare physical, policy and normative contextual correlates of binge alcohol use at ages 15-16, 18-19 and 23-24; and (3) to in- vestigate how changes in environments over time impact binge alcohol use trajectories in the post-high school transition. The research will include analysis of an existing longitudinal dataset, the Panel Study on Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement and Transition to Adulthood Study (PSID-CDS, PSID-TA). Geo- coded data from adolescent and young adult participants will be linked to data on physical, policy and norma- tive environments at the different ages. Longitudinal analyses will examine growth patterns of binge drinking, including whether these growth patterns correlate with changes in parental monitoring and peer alcohol use, or changes in status (i.e., enrolling in college, leaving the parent's home, becoming legal drinking age, etc.) Multi- level and spatial analyses will explore how various environmental influences are associated with binge drinking at different ages. Complex multilevel analyses will be explored to determine if changes in physical, policy or normative environments as participants age are associated with changes in binge drinking over time. Skills gained in this K01 will be used by the candidate to develop an R01 proposal examining multilevel determinants of alcohol use development among African American youth with varying levels of trauma exposure.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项受过指导的研究科学家发展奖（K01）将为候选人提供她的长期职业目标，以成为一名独立的，NIH资助的研究人员，研究上下文对青少年和成年早期使用物质使用的影响的影响。与该奖项相关的培训目标是为候选人提供的：（1）接受纵向方法的高级培训，复杂的文本分析和药物使用流行病学，通过参加研究生级别的课程并参加民族群体会议； （2）在参与药物使用研究的著名团队的指导下进行纵向和情境研究； （3）通过使用纵向地理报道数据进行独立研究来运用学到的技能； （4）在学术生涯中发展领导能力和资格。博士。理查德·斯克里布纳（Richard Scribner），克里斯蒂娜·杰克逊（Kristina Jackson），戴维·萨伊（David Seal）和弗朗西斯·马瑟（Frances Mather）将担任该奖项的导师，并将在药物使用流行病学和发展，情境研究，纵向研究方法，生物统计学和职业发展方面提供专业知识。培训目标将通过与导师的个人和联合会议实现；参加研究生级课程；参加会议；指导出版物开发；和研究项目的执行。图兰大学将提供一个有利于研究对饮酒和其他物质使用的影响的研究的环境。该研究的目的将在其中应用培训，是：（1）确定青春期和成年期之间暴饮暴食的轨迹，包括性别和教育状况的差异以及与有影响力的人际关系过程的差异； （2）比较15-16、18-19和23-24岁的饮酒的物理，政策和规范性上下文相关性； （3）要介绍环境随着时间的变化如何影响高级学校过渡后的暴饮暴食轨迹。该研究将包括对现有纵向数据集的分析，《收入动态儿童发展补充剂和过渡到成年研究》的小组研究（PSID-CDS，PSID-TA）。来自青少年和年轻参与者的地理编码数据将与不同年龄段的物理，政策和正常环境的数据相关联。纵向分析将检查暴饮暴食的增长模式，包括这些增长模式是否与父母监测和同伴饮酒的变化相关，还是状态的变化（即入学大学，离开父母的家，成为法律饮酒年龄等）多级别和空间分析都会探索各种环境的影响与不同饮酒的各种环境影响。将探讨复杂的多层次分析，以确定随着年龄的年龄的增长，物理，政策或规范环境的变化是否与随着时间的流逝的暴饮暴食变化有关。候选人将使用此K01中获得的技能来开发一项R01提案，以检查具有不同创伤水平的非裔美国人青年中饮酒的多层次决定因素。