Neural mechanisms of texture processing in central and peripheral visual field

中央和周边视野纹理处理的神经机制

• 批准号: 8423180
• 负责人: Ariel Shalom Rokem
• 金额: $ 5.22万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-01 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8423180
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Amblyopia; Automobile Driving; Brain; Brain Part; Clinical; Data; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Diffusion weighted imaging; Disease; Feedback; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Human; Image; Investigation; Judgment; Location; Macular degeneration; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Neurons; Participant; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Peripheral; Physiological; Population; Process; Property; Psychophysics; Reading; Relative (related person); Retinitis Pigmentosa; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Task Performances; Texture; Time; Vision; Vision Disorders; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual Cortex; Visual Fields; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; area striata; base; behavior measurement; disability; disorder of macula of retina; extrastriate visual cortex; feeding; fovea centralis; human subject; neural circuit; neuromechanism; novel; object perception; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; segregation; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to characterize the neural substrate underlying differences between perception of the central and peripheral parts of the visual field. Important visual functions, such as reading, require central vision and clinical conditions, such as macular degeneration selectively affect this part of the visual field, conferring significant disability. We will focus our investigation on the perception of boundaries between different textures. These boundaries are used in order to parse images into distinct regions and objects and perception of these boundaries differs between central and peripheral vision. These differences are likely to result from the manner in which information is processed in different parts of the visual field and the way in which information is transmitted through the visual system, via the anatomical connections between different regions of the visual system. To study these differences, we will measure properties of the visual system in healthy human participants, using a combination of methods. We will use behavioral measurements to characterize the perception of texture boundaries in different parts of the visual system. We will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure activity in different regions of the visual system and detect activity related to the presence of texture boundaries. We will use diffusion-weighted MRI to characterize the anatomical connections between different parts of the visual system. Finally, we will combine the information from the anatomical measurements and the functional measurements and analyze the way in which information about different parts of the visual field is segregated and shared between parts of the visual system. Understanding the neural representation of different parts of the visual field in texture perception will benefit the development of novel treatments for patients with visual impairments affecting parts of the visual field, such as macular degeneration and disorders in which visual acuity in central vision is affected, such as amblyopia.

描述（由申请人提供）：这个项目的目标是描述视野中心和外围感知之间的神经基础差异。重要的视觉功能，如阅读，需要中央视力，而黄斑变性等临床情况选择性地影响这部分视野，导致严重的残疾。我们将重点研究不同纹理之间的边界感知。这些边界用于将图像解析为不同的区域和对象，并且在中央视觉和外围视觉之间对这些边界的感知是不同的。这些差异很可能是由于信息在视野的不同部分处理的方式，以及信息通过视觉系统通过视觉系统不同区域之间的解剖连接传递的方式。为了研究这些差异，我们将使用多种方法测量健康人类参与者的视觉系统特性。我们将使用行为测量来表征视觉系统不同部分对纹理边界的感知。我们将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来测量视觉系统不同区域的活动，并检测与纹理边界存在相关的活动。我们将使用弥散加权MRI来表征视觉系统不同部分之间的解剖连接。最后，我们将结合解剖测量和功能测量的信息，并分析关于视野不同部分的信息在视觉系统各部分之间分离和共享的方式。了解纹理感知中视野不同部分的神经表征将有助于开发新的治疗方法，用于治疗影响部分视野的视觉障碍患者，如黄斑变性和中心视力受到影响的疾病，如弱视。