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Development of direction selectivity in retina

视网膜方向选择性的发展

基本信息

批准号：
8500296
负责人：
Marla Feller
金额：
$ 35.04万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-07-01 至 2016-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8500296
关键词：
Ablation Accounting Address Affect Age Amacrine Cells Automobile Driving Cells Chemicals Congenital Abnormality Dendrites Development Exposure to Fetus Funding Future GABA Receptor Generations Goals Grant Image Imaging Techniques Inhibitory Synapse Interneurons Lead Left Light Mediating Modeling Morphology Motion Movement Nervous system structure Neurologic Play Positioning Attribute Process Proteins Published Comment Reflex action Research Retina Retinal Retinal Ganglion Cells Role Shunt Device Side Structure Synapses Testing Time Transgenic Mice Transgenic Organisms Trees Vision Visual Visual system structure Work design experience ganglion cell insight mouse model neural circuit neuronal cell body neuropathology object motion oculomotor optogenetics preference receptive field relating to nervous system research study response vision development

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Direction-selective ganglion cells respond strongly to an image moving in the preferred direction and weakly to an image moving in the opposite, or null direction, and are critical for driving ocular-motor reflexes that stabilize images on the retina as we move through a visual scene. The preferred direction of direction-selective ganglion cells cluster along the cardinal directions (up, down, left and right) and the direction-selective ganglion cells sensitive to each cardinal direction are organized into mosaics such that at each point in space, each direction of motion is represented. The predominant model for the generation of direction selectivity in the retina is that a particular class of interneurons forms inhibitory synapses on the null side of the dendritic tree of direction- selective ganglion cells. The mechanisms that instruct the emergence of mosaics comprised of cells that receive an asymmetric distribution of inhibitory inputs during development are unknown. Here we propose to use a combination of state-of-the-art electrophysiological and imaging techniques to determine the mechanisms that underlie the development of these two essential features of direction-selectivity - the circuits that underlie the null side inhibition and the existence of direction-selective ganglion cells mosaics. In particular, we will determine whether spontaneous retinal activity plays a critical role in the formation of these circuits.

描述（由申请人提供）：方向选择性神经节细胞对沿首选方向移动的图像反应强烈，对沿相反方向或零方向移动的图像反应较弱，并且对于驱动眼运动反射至关重要，当我们在视觉场景中移动时，稳定视网膜上的图像。方向选择性神经节细胞的首选方向沿着基本方向（上、下、左、右）聚集，并且对每个基本方向敏感的方向选择性神经节细胞被组织成马赛克，使得在空间中的每个点处，代表每个运动方向。视网膜中产生方向选择性的主要模型是一类特定的中间神经元在方向选择性神经节细胞树突树的无效侧形成抑制性突触。指示由在发育过程中接收不对称分布的抑制输入的细胞组成的嵌合体出现的机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们建议结合使用最先进的电生理学和成像技术来确定方向选择性这两个基本特征发展背后的机制——零侧抑制背后的电路和方向选择性神经节细胞镶嵌体的存在。特别是，我们将确定自发的视网膜活动是否在这些回路的形成中发挥关键作用。