Spatial and Psychosocial Influences on Food Access in Rural Appalachia

阿巴拉契亚农村地区食物获取的空间和社会心理影响

• 批准号: 8517412
• 负责人: Esther J. Thatcher
• 金额: $ 1.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-20 至 2013-10-19
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8517412
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Appalachian Region; Behavior; Behavioral; Businesses; Calories; Canned Foods; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chronic Disease; Clinical; Communities; Community Health; Complex; County; Data Collection; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Disadvantaged; Disease; Eating; Economic Factors; Economically Deprived Population; Economics; Exposure to; Family; Food; Food Access; Foundations; Friends; Future; Geographic Information Systems; Health; Health Food; Health Priorities; Health Professional; Health behavior; Heart Diseases; Household; Individual; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Interview; Kentucky; Lead; Life; Low Income Population; Low income; Malignant Neoplasms; Maps; Marketing; Measures; Medical; Methods; Nurses; Obesity; Obesity associated disease; Ohio; Overweight; Participant; Pattern; Physical activity; Policies; Population; Populations at Risk; Premature Mortality; Prevalence; Prevention; Price; Psychosocial Factor; Psychosocial Influences; Public Health; Public Health Nurses; Public Health Nursing; Research; Research Design; Resources; Restaurants; Rural; Services; Site; Surveys; Technology; Tennessee; United States; Virginia; West Virginia; Woman; base; community intervention; demographics; design; disability; experience; food environment; good diet; health disparity; health economics; improved; nutrition; obesity prevention; prevent; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; social; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity is a major public health problem in the United States (U.S.). Rural Appalachian residents, especially those living in economically disadvantaged counties, are disproportionately affected by obesity and associated medical conditions. Complex interactions among multiple levels of disadvantage, including individual, family, friends, community, and policy, contribute to unhealthy dietary behaviors that can lead to obesity. Community food environment refers to access and exposure to foods in a community. Potential access to healthy or unhealthy foods depends on spatial availability of food outlets offering different food choices. Realized access, or individual utilization of available foods, ultimately depends on personal, social, and economic factors. However, few studies have examined, from the point of view of rural residents, the opportunities and barriers that influence where they access food and their food choices. This cross-sectional mixed methods study of approximately 20 lower-income women in a rural Appalachian county in Virginia will integrate qualitative interviews, participant observation, geographic information systems (GIS) mapping, and in- store food assessments to examine spatial and psychosocial factors that affect access to food. The research question is: What are some influences on food access and food choices in low-income rural Appalachian residents? The specific aims of this study are to: 1) Describe the community retail food environment (potential food access), including store proximity, food availability, pricing, and marketing; 2) Describe food access behaviors (realized food access); and 3) Explore psychosocial, economic, cultural, and environmental influences on realized food access. Public health nurses focus on population-level interventions to address health problems. This study supports NINR strategic objectives by improving understanding of complex social and behavioral patterns that relate to prevention of chronic disease in a disadvantaged population, and by applying GIS technology to enhance a community health assessment. The results of this study will inform future analytic studies of food choice and will promote collaborative, inter-professional interventions to improve nutrition and reduce obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖是美国（U.S.）的主要公共卫生问题。阿巴拉契亚农村居民，特别是那些生活在经济贫困县的居民，不成比例地受到肥胖和相关医疗条件的影响。包括个人、家庭、朋友、社区和政策在内的多个层面的不利因素之间的复杂相互作用，导致了可能导致肥胖的不健康饮食行为。社区食品环境是指在社区中获得和接触食品的机会。能否获得健康或不健康食品取决于是否有提供不同食品选择的食品店。实现获得，或个人利用现有的食物，最终取决于个人，社会和经济因素。然而，很少有研究从农村居民的角度审查影响他们在哪里获得食物和食物选择的机会和障碍。这项对弗吉尼亚州阿巴拉契亚县农村约20名低收入妇女的横断面混合方法研究将整合定性访谈，参与者观察，地理信息系统（GIS）绘图和商店食品评估，以研究影响获得食物的空间和心理社会因素。研究问题是：什么是一些影响低收入农村阿巴拉契亚居民的食物获取和食物选择？本研究的具体目的是：1）描述社区零售食品环境（潜在的食品获取），包括商店邻近度，食品供应，定价和营销; 2）描述食品获取行为（实现的食品获取）; 3）探索心理社会，经济，文化和环境对实现的食品获取的影响。 公共卫生护士专注于人口层面的干预措施，以解决健康问题。这项研究支持NINR的战略目标，通过提高对复杂的社会和行为模式，涉及到预防慢性疾病在弱势群体的理解，并通过应用GIS技术，以提高社区健康评估。这项研究的结果将为未来的食物选择分析研究提供信息，并将促进合作，跨专业的干预措施，以改善营养和减少肥胖。

项目成果

Retail Food Store Access in Rural Appalachia: A Mixed Methods Study.

阿巴拉契亚农村地区的零售食品店准入：混合方法研究。

• DOI: 10.1111/phn.12302
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.)
• 作者: Thatcher,Esther;Johnson,Cassandra;Zenk,ShannonN;Kulbok,Pamela
• 通讯作者: Kulbok,Pamela