Variation in Health Outcomes within Disadvantaged Neighborhoods

弱势社区内健康结果的差异

• 批准号: 8580122
• 负责人: MICHAEL PAUL ERIKSEN
• 金额: $ 18.13万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8580122
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Attitude; Back; Behavior; Censuses; Cities; Country; Crime; Data; Death Rate; Development; Disadvantaged; Employment; Environment; Face; Family; Female; Funding; Goals; Health; Health Policy; Health behavior; Home environment; Household Heads; Housing; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Life; Mainstreaming; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Minority; Minority Groups; Modeling; Names; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Pregnancy in Adolescence; Process; Public Health; Public Housing; Research; Research Design; Resources; Respondent; Sampling; Services; Social Environment; Social Network; Sorting - Cell Movement; Stress; Surveys; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Transportation; United States; Universities; Variant; authority; experience; health disparity; high school; improved; meetings; physical conditioning; prospective; research study; segregation; social

We propose to expand an existing study of public housing relocations in the City of Atlanta to examine how relocation among public housing residents to new neighborhoods will affect their health. Our existing study consists of following a sample of 387 respondents from 7 public housing projects over time (6 and 18 months post-relocation), as they are relocated out of public housing and into private market housing. Our specific aims, for which we are requesting funding, are 1) to assess the new homes and the built environments of the new neighborhoods, that public housing residents relocate to, in order to determine their impact on the health of the sample; and 2) assess the person-environment fit of residents with their new neighborhoods, and investigate whether it mediates the association between neighborhood disadvantage and health. Neighborhoods have barriers that make it difficult for all individuals to meet their health needs. The person-environment fit framework asserts that persons have resources and competencies with which to deal with neighborhood barriers, therefore when persons' needs are met by their neighborhoods then there is a good fit. Using administrative data on neighborhoods, audits of new homes and neighborhoods combined with individual level data from surveys, we will examine path models of the effects of neighborhoods on health allowing the person environment fit to mediate the associations.We hypothesize that aspects of the built environment and homes will explain variation in health symptoms within the new neighborhoods and that respondents who have positive subjective attitudes towards their new homes and neighborhoods will experience better health than those that do not even if the objective measures of their neighborhoods are poor. Our ultimate goal is to inform both housing policy and health policy in regards to how relocations affect the lives and health of public housing residents, and beyond that to develop a model of how neighborhood disadvantage operates through the fit of persons with their environments. Our most important long term goal is to reduce racial health disparities and this is the group whose poor health is a major reason for existing health disparities.

我们建议扩大亚特兰大市公共住房搬迁的现有研究，以检验 公共住房居民搬迁到新社区将如何影响他们的健康。我们现有的 研究包括随时间推移对来自 7 个公共住房项目的 387 名受访者进行抽样调查（6 和 18 搬迁后几个月），因为他们从公共住房搬迁到私人市场住房。我们的 我们请求资金的具体目标是 1) 评估新住宅和已建住宅 公共住房居民搬迁到的新社区的环境，以确定他们的 对样品健康的影响； 2）评估居民与新环境的适应度 邻里，并研究它是否介导邻里劣势之间的关联 和健康。社区存在障碍，使所有人难以满足其健康需求。 人与环境的契合框架主张人拥有资源和能力来 处理邻里障碍，因此，当人们的需求得到邻里的满足时，就会有 很合适。使用社区行政数据、新住宅和社区审计 结合调查中的个人层面数据，我们将研究影响的路径模型 健康社区允许人的环境适合调节这种关联。我们假设 建筑环境和住宅的各个方面将解释新环境中健康症状的变化 社区以及对新居持积极主观态度的受访者 即使根据客观衡量标准，社区也会比那些没有健康状况的社区体验到更好的健康状况。 社区很穷。我们的最终目标是为住房政策和卫生政策提供有关以下方面的信息： 搬迁如何影响公共住房居民的生活和健康，并在此基础上建立一个模型 邻里劣势如何通过人与环境的适应而发挥作用。我们最 重要的长期目标是减少种族健康差异，而这一群体的健康状况不佳是一个严重问题 现有健康差距的主要原因。