Exposure to violence and unsafe sex in late adolescent African American women

青春期晚期非裔美国女性遭受暴力和不安全性行为的情况

• 批准号: 8235399
• 负责人: HELEN Wadsworth WILSON
• 金额: $ 15.75万
• 依托单位: ROSALIND FRANKLIN UNIV OF MEDICINE & SCI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8235399
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adrenal Glands; Affect; African American; Age; Behavior; Biological Markers; Characteristics; Chicago; Childhood; Conflict (Psychology); Data Collection; Development; Emotional; Exposure to; Female Adolescents; Fostering; Funding; Gender; Gender Role; Goals; HIV; Health; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Intervention; Interview; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Low income; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Multivariate Analysis; NIH Program Announcements; Neighborhoods; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Physiological; Pituitary Gland; Process; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Records; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Sex Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Structure; Sympathetic Nervous System; Teen Dating Violence; Time; Trauma; United States National Institutes of Health; Unsafe Sex; Victimization; Violence; Woman; Work; alpha-amylase; anti social; base; biological adaptation to stress; dating violence; follow-up; high risk; innovation; intimate partner violence; programs; psychologic; salivary assay; sexual relationship; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dating violence and unsafe sexual behavior represent major public health concerns that disproportionately affect young African American (AA) women.1-3 This R01 proposal responds to the Research on Teen Dating Violence Program Announcement (PA-09-169) by requesting funds to build on an NIH-funded longitudinal study of AA adolescent women from low-income, urban neighborhoods in Chicago. Consistent with the goals of the program, the proposed etiological research is aimed at providing a better understanding of the precursors and consequences of teen dating violence through use of longitudinal, multivariate analyses to examine pathways from early violence exposure to dating violence and unsafe sexual behavior in late adolescence. AA women ages 18-22 represent the demographic group at highest risk for both intimate partner violence (IPV)1, 4-6 and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).2, 7 Dating violence is a health concern not only because of direct physical and emotional risks, but also due to increased risk of unsafe sexual behavior in violent relationships.8, 9 The specific aims of this project are to: (1) Prospectively examine the pathway from violence exposure to dating violence and unsafe sexual behavior; (2) Examine relationships among dating violence, unsafe sexual behavior, and STIs; (3) Examine romantic relationship characteristics that may explain the pathway from violence exposure to dating violence and unsafe sexual behavior; (4) Examine physiological stress response as a mediator of the pathway from violence exposure to dating violence and unsafe sexual behavior; and (5) Examine psychological mechanisms that may explain the pathway from violence exposure to dating violence and unsafe sexual behavior. Adolescent girls who participated in a 2-year longitudinal study focused on HIV risk behavior (R01 MH65155) and a follow-up assessment of trauma and victimization history (R03 MH086361) will be re-contacted to participate in a new wave of data collection focused on romantic relationships in late adolescence (ages 18-22). To capture the interactive processes that contribute to violence and unsafe sex in romantic relationships, we will also attempt to interview a romantic partner of each young woman and observe a structured interaction between the two. The proposed study will expand upon previous work in a number of innovative ways that include: (1) broadening relationship risk to dating violence; (2) assessing romantic partners; and (3) measuring biological markers of physiological stress response and sexually transmitted infections. Using multiple measures and methods (self report, partner report, observation, official records, and biological markers), we will examine links among early violence exposure, teen dating violence, and unsafe sexual behavior, and we will examine mechanisms that may explain the pathway from early violence exposure to dating violence and unsafe sexual behavior in late adolescent relationships. These findings can be used to develop culturally tailored, gender sensitive interventions to foster healthy romantic and sexual relationships in young African American women with histories of violence exposure. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Dating violence and unsafe sex represent major public health concerns that take place within romantic relationships and disproportionately affect young, urban African American (AA) women. The proposed study will examine pathways from early violence exposure to dating violence and unsafe sex in a sample of low- income, urban AA women at ages 18-22. Results will yield information that can be used to foster healthy dating relationships in late adolescent urban AA women.

描述（由申请人提供）：约会暴力和不安全性行为是主要的公共卫生问题，对年轻的非洲裔美国 (AA) 女性影响尤为严重。1-3 该 R01 提案响应《青少年约会暴力研究计划公告》(PA-09-169)，请求资金以 NIH 资助的一项针对芝加哥低收入城市社区的 AA 青少年女性的纵向研究为基础。与该计划的目标一致，拟议的病因学研究旨在通过使用纵向多变量分析来研究从早期暴力暴露到青春期后期约会暴力和不安全性行为的途径，从而更好地了解青少年约会暴力的前兆和后果。 18-22 岁的 AA 女性是亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV)1, 4-6 和性传播感染 (STI) 风险最高的人口群体。2, 7 约会暴力是一个健康问题，不仅因为直接的身体和情感风险，而且还因为暴力关系中不安全性行为的风险增加。8, 9 该项目的具体目标是： (1) 前瞻性研究从暴力暴露到约会暴力和 不安全的性行为； (2) 检查约会暴力、不安全性行为和性传播感染之间的关系； (3) 检查浪漫关系特征，这些特征可以解释从暴力暴露到约会暴力和不安全性行为的途径； (4) 检查生理应激反应作为从暴力暴露到约会暴力和不安全性行为途径的中介因素； (5) 研究可能解释从暴力暴露到约会暴力和不安全性行为的途径的心理机制。参与为期 2 年的纵向研究（重点关注艾滋病毒风险行为 (R01 MH65155) 以及创伤和受害史后续评估 (R03 MH086361) 的青春期女孩）将被重新联系，参与新一轮重点关注青春期后期（18-22 岁）浪漫关系的数据收集。为了捕捉浪漫关系中导致暴力和不安全性行为的互动过程，我们还将尝试采访每位年轻女性的浪漫伴侣，并观察两者之间的结构化互动。拟议的研究将以多种创新方式扩展之前的工作，包括：（1）扩大约会暴力的关系风险； (2) 评估浪漫伴侣； (3)测量生理应激反应和性传播感染的生物标志物。使用多种措施和方法（自我报告、伴侣报告、观察、官方记录和生物标记），我们将研究早期暴力暴露、青少年约会暴力和不安全性行为之间的联系，并将研究可能解释从早期暴力暴露到青少年晚期关系中约会暴力和不安全性行为的路径的机制。这些发现可用于制定针对文化、性别敏感的干预措施，以促进有暴力经历的年轻非洲裔美国女性健康的浪漫和性关系。 公共卫生相关性：约会暴力和不安全性行为是恋爱关系中发生的主要公共卫生问题，对年轻的城市非裔美国 (AA) 女性影响尤为严重。拟议的研究将以 18-22 岁低收入城市 AA 女性为样本，研究从早期暴力暴露到约会暴力和不安全性行为的途径。结果将产生可用于促进青少年晚期城市 AA 女性健康约会关系的信息。