Childhood SES Factors: Impact on age-related cognitive and vascular health

童年 SES 因素：对年龄相关认知和血管健康的影响

• 批准号: 8337844
• 负责人: VIRGINIA J. HOWARD
• 金额: $ 59.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-30 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8337844
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; African American; Age; American; Appalachian Region; Area; Blood Vessels; Cardiovascular Diseases; Censuses; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Childhood; Clinical; Cognitive; Cohort Studies; Communities; Coronary; County; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Deep South; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Disadvantaged; Education; Educational Background; Enrollment; Environment; Evaluation; Event; Exposure to; Family; Family Characteristics; Future; Goals; Health; Home environment; Hypertension; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Individual; Influentials; Intervention; Lead; Life; Life Expectancy; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Mails; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Mississippi; Mortality Decline; Ohio; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Questionnaires; Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke; Recording of previous events; Records; Recruitment Activity; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Rivers; Role; Schools; Self-Administered; Shapes; Social Conditions; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Stroke; Telephone Interviews; Time; Woman; age related; aged; cardiovascular disorder risk; cohort; design; follow-up; geographic difference; health disparity; improved; indexing; infancy; men; migration; mortality; population based; population health; racial difference; repository; residence; social; socioeconomics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): U.S. blacks have a life expectancy that is significantly shorter than whites, with a larger difference between men than women. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the single largest contributor to this disparity. Geographic disparities in health are similar to racial disparities in magnitude and effect. There is growing recognition that there are shared risk factors for CVD and cognitive impairment. Much of the research attempting to explain these racial and geographic disparities in health has focused on the participant's socioeconomic status (SES) or place of residence at the time of diagnosis or death. Increasing evidence, however, points to an important role of exposures during earlier lifecourse periods. The role of lifecourse exposures is difficult to study, however, because migration patterns obscure the links between geographic exposures and long- term health outcomes. The general aim of this study is to identify childhood and family SES factors (CH-SES) that shape disparities in vascular and cognitive health. Designed to determine the causes of racial and geographic differences in stroke incidence, mortality and cognitive decline, the REGARDS (REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke) study is a national population-based cohort study. REGARDS recruited 30,239 participants aged 45 or older, from 2003-2007, 45% men, 42% blacks. Data were collected using a combination of telephone interview, in-home physical exam, and self-administered questionnaire. Participants are currently being followed for CVD events and cognitive assessments. Our approach builds on the exceptional resources in REGARDS, in particular, the detailed residential history data. This study proposes to obtain data on CH-SES factors from three sources: 1) new data collected from the cohort via a mail-questionnaire; 2) linking existing REGARDS data on childhood residence to public Census data on family and community level SES conditions; and 3) linking existing REGARDS data on childhood residence to historic public school records on school quality at the county/school district level. These data on CH-SES will be linked to the detailed data on demographic and clinical characteristics of the cohort and examined as predictors of CVD and cognitive decline over follow-up.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国黑人的预期寿命明显短于白人，男性之间的差异大于女性。心血管疾病（CVD）是造成这种差异的最大因素。健康方面的地理差异在程度和影响上与种族差异相似。越来越多的人认识到心血管疾病和认知障碍有共同的危险因素。许多试图解释这些种族和地理健康差异的研究都集中在参与者的社会经济地位（SES）或在诊断或死亡时的居住地。然而，越来越多的证据表明，在生命早期阶段的暴露具有重要作用。然而，由于迁移模式模糊了地理暴露与长期健康结果之间的联系，因此很难研究生命过程中暴露的作用。本研究的总体目的是确定儿童和家庭SES因素（CH-SES），形成血管和认知健康的差异。REGARDS（脑卒中的地理和种族差异的原因）研究是一项基于全国人群的队列研究，旨在确定脑卒中发病率、死亡率和认知能力下降的种族和地理差异的原因。REGARDS在2003-2007年间招募了30,239名年龄在45岁或以上的参与者，其中45%为男性，42%为黑人。数据收集采用电话访谈、家庭体检和自我问卷调查相结合的方法。参与者目前正在接受心血管疾病事件和认知评估的随访。我们的方法基于REGARDS的特殊资源，特别是详细的居住历史数据。本研究拟从三个方面获取CH-SES因素的数据：1)通过邮件问卷的方式从队列中收集新的数据；2)将现有关于儿童居住的REGARDS数据与关于家庭和社区层面SES状况的公共普查数据联系起来；3)将现有的关于童年居住的REGARDS数据与县/学区层面的历史公立学校质量记录联系起来。这些关于CH-SES的数据将与该队列的人口学和临床特征的详细数据联系起来，并在随访期间作为CVD和认知能力下降的预测因素进行检查。