An Intervention to Improve Well-Being in African American Medical Students

改善非裔美国医学生福祉的干预措施

• 批准号: 8584086
• 负责人: Sylvia Patrice Perry
• 金额: $ 25.19万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-05 至 2015-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8584086
• 关键词: Address; Affect; African American; Anxiety; Awareness; Caring; Chronic Disease; Color; Cues; Discrimination; Dropout; Effectiveness; Empathy; Environment; Experimental Designs; Faculty; Fatigue; Feeling; Future; Health; Healthcare; Individual Differences; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Institutes; Intervention; Link; Measures; Medical; Medical Students; Medicine; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Minority; Minority Groups; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Physicians; Quality of Care; Race; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Stereotyping; Stigmatization; Stress; Students; Symptoms; Testing; base; burnout; college; cost; evidence base; experience; high school; improved; intervention effect; medical schools; medically underserved; novel; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; racial and ethnic disparities; stressor; success; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary aim of the proposed study is to use an experimental design to test the degree to which a self-affirmation intervention protects and improves the mental health of Black medical students. This study is part of a larger program of research intended to reduce racial disparities in health care by reducing bias in White medical students, and is driven by a sizeable gap in the evidence base regarding ways to improve the recruitment and increase the success and retention of Black medical professionals. Minority patients benefit from a diverse pool of medical professionals, and The Institute on Medicine's report on Unequal Treatment recommended increasing the number of Black physicians as one way to reduce disparities. Yet, preliminary evidence suggests that, from the start of medical school, Black medical students are more likely than their White counterparts to experience a number of vulnerabilities including discrimination and stereotype threat (a psychological state with proven deleterious effects that is created by awareness that one's group may be judged negatively because of a stereotype). The unique stressors experienced by Black medical students may contribute to disparities on medical student health outcomes. Furthermore, stress is among the contributors to documented negative changes over the course of medical school including increased cynicism, reduced empathy, reduced idealism, and less importance placed in forming interpersonal relationships with patients and on providing care for the medically underserved. There have been very few methodologically rigorous tests of strategies for protecting and promoting the well-being of Black medical students. This study will determine whether a self-affirmation intervention is effective at reducing stereotype threat and improving the psychological well- being of Black medical students. The intervention being tested here would provide a low-cost and easy-to-implement strategy for improving Black students' well-being. Findings from this study will help with future intervention strategies to increase underrepresented medical students' psychological well-being and quality of care for the underserved.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的主要目的是使用实验设计来测试自我肯定干预措施保护和改善黑人医学生心理健康的程度。这项研究是一个更大的研究计划的一部分，旨在通过减少白人医学生的偏见来减少医疗保健方面的种族差异，并且是由于在改善招聘和提高黑人医疗专业人员的成功和保留的方法方面证据基础上存在相当大的差距而推动的。少数族裔患者受益于多元化的医疗专业人员，医学研究所关于不平等待遇的报告建议增加黑人医生的数量，作为减少不平等的一种方法。然而，初步证据表明，从医学院开始，黑人医学院学生比白人医学生更有可能经历许多脆弱性，包括歧视和刻板印象威胁（一种已证明具有有害影响的心理状态，是由于意识到自己的群体可能因刻板印象而受到负面评价而产生的）。黑人医学生经历的独特压力可能会导致医学生健康结果的差异。此外，压力是导致医学院过程中出现负面变化的因素之一，包括愤世嫉俗的增加、同理心的减少、理想主义的减少以及与患者建立人际关系和为医疗服务不足的人提供护理的重要性降低。对于保护和促进黑人医学生福祉的策略，几乎没有进行过严格的方法测试。这项研究将确定自我肯定干预是否能有效减少刻板印象威胁并改善黑人医学生的心理健康。这里正在测试的干预措施将为改善黑人学生的福祉提供低成本且易于实施的策略。这项研究的结果将有助于制定未来的干预策略，以提高代表性不足的医学生的心理健康和对服务不足的人的护理质量。