Effects of Antecedent and Response Variables on the Persistence of Communication

前因和反应变量对沟通持续性的影响

• 批准号: 8442284
• 负责人: Joel Ringdahl
• 金额: $ 22.95万
• 依托单位: SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-10 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8442284
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Behavior; Behavioral; Communication; Cues; Development; Developmental Disabilities; Educational process of instructing; Exhibits; Extinction (Psychology); Goals; Individual; Literature; Maintenance; Manuals; Methods; Outcome Study; Participant; Problem behavior; Psychological reinforcement; Publishing; Relative (related person); Research; Resistance; Response to stimulus physiology; Selection Criteria; Series; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Subgroup; Testing; Tigers; Training; base; design; novel; preference; reinforcer; response; severe behavior problem; social; theories; therapy design; treatment effect; treatment response; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Functional communication Training (FCT) is the most widely used treatment approach to address problem behavior exhibited by individuals with developmental disabilities. This strategy has been demonstrated to be effective in numerous published studies. However, little research has been conducted regarding the selection of the communication strategies included in such treatments and the manner in which antecedent stimuli, such as response prompts, are used when FCT is implemented. It is possible that communication strategy selected and the method by which it is prompted may affect the long-term maintenance of treatment gains, particularly when treatment integrity is challenged (e.g., treatment is not implemented as designed). Research related to response persistence (i.e., the continuation of a response when challenged) has demonstrated that response-reinforcer variables such as the rate of reinforcement will influence it. These effects have been demonstrated in the basic [behavioral momentum theory] literature and in the applied literature with respect to the response persistence of problem behavior. What is less well understood is how other types of variables, such as response-response variables and stimulus-response variables, will affect response persistence and, in particular, the response persistence of appropriate behavior such as communication. Clinically, it is important that we design treatments that not only result in the reduction of problem behavior and the development of appropriate strategies to obtain reinforcers, but that also produce appropriate behavior that is resilient in the face of challenges to treatment. The proposed studies will provide more information regarding how to select the communication strategy that will persist longest when challenged and how to structure at least one antecedent component of the treatment (response prompting) to facilitate response persistence.

描述（由申请人提供）：功能性沟通训练（FCT）是最广泛使用的治疗方法，以解决发育障碍个体表现出的问题行为。这一策略已被证明是有效的，在许多已发表的研究。然而，很少有研究已经进行了关于选择的沟通策略，包括在这样的治疗和方式，其中先行刺激，如响应提示，当FCT实施。选择的沟通策略和提示沟通策略的方法可能会影响治疗收益的长期维持，特别是当治疗完整性受到挑战时（例如，未按设计进行治疗）。与反应持续性相关的研究（即，当受到挑战时，反应的持续性）已经证明，反应-行为变量（如强化率）会影响它。这些影响已经在基本[行为动量理论]文献和关于问题行为的反应持续性的应用文献中得到证明。不太清楚的是，其他类型的变量，如反应-反应变量和刺激-反应变量，将如何影响反应持续性，特别是适当行为（如沟通）的反应持续性。在临床上，重要的是，我们设计的治疗方法不仅可以减少问题行为，制定适当的策略来获得治疗，而且还可以产生适当的行为，在面对治疗挑战时具有弹性。拟议的研究将提供更多信息，说明如何选择在受到挑战时持续时间最长的沟通策略，以及如何构建治疗的至少一个先决条件（反应提示）以促进反应持续性。