Behavioral Economics and Analysis of Chronic Aberrant Behavior (CAB)

行为经济学和慢性异常行为分析（CAB）

• 批准号: 8512754
• 负责人: ISER DELEON
• 金额: $ 21.92万
• 依托单位: HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8512754
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Air; Animals; Appetite Disorder; Area; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Businesses; Child; Chronic; Clinical; Coffee; Consumption; Deterioration; Diagnosis; Economic Factors; Economics; Elasticity; Environment; Extinction (Psychology); Food; Gasoline; Heating; Individual; Intervention; Longevity; Maintenance; Mediating; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Oils; Persons; Prader-Willi Syndrome; Price; Principal Investigator; Problem behavior; Procedures; Property; Psychological reinforcement; Psychology; Reinforcement Schedule; Relapse; Relative (related person); Satiation; Schedule; Sorting - Cell Movement; Stimulus; Tea; Therapeutic; Time; Translating; Travel; Treatment Failure; base; clinical efficacy; design; effective therapy; indexing; operation; preference; reinforced behavior; reinforcer; research study; response; treatment effect

The functional analysis model of intervention for CAB relies on identification of the environment-behavior relations that support CAB, then re-arranging the environment in a manner that favors appropriate replacement behaviors over problem behaviors. Typical interventions can be understood as concurrent- schedule arrangements that are most effective when CAB is entirely on extinction (no longer produces the relevant reinforcer), while appropriate alternatives are reinforced continuously. These optimal treatment arrangements, however, are often impractical or othenwise unfeasible in natural environments, perhaps ultimately accounting for some proportion of treatment failure or relapse. The studies in the Project 2 assume as starting points either a) the conditions under which previously effective treatments deteriorate through an unfavorable distribution of reinforcers for CAB vs. alternative behavior, or b) the conditions leading to this form of treatment deterioration. The project then imports strategies borrowed from two interrelated areas of basic research to enhance behavioral interventions under these conditions. From the first area, behavioral economics, the principles of stimulus substitutability and elasticity of demand are combined with behavioral concepts of motivation to arrange conditions that re-establish the predominance of the replacement behaviors. The second line of basic research suggests that, all else being equal, stimuli historically associated with greater effort become valued over stimuli historically associated with lesser effort. The related experiments will first extend this phenomenon to the reinforcers themselves, and then apply the same principles in clinical contexts to establish a bias towards reinforcers that support replacement behaviors. The overall aim is to translate these basic principles into procedures that can either rehabilitate interventions under conditions in which their effects have deteriorated or inoculate interventions prior to deterioration.

CAB干预的功能分析模型依赖于环境行为的识别 支持驾驶室的关系，然后以有利于适当的方式重新安排环境 对问题行为的替代行为。典型的干预措施可以理解为并发 - 当CAB完全处于灭绝状态时，最有效的计划安排（不再产生 相关的增强器），虽然可以连续加固适当的替代方案。这些最佳治疗 但是，安排在自然环境中通常是不切实际的或不可行的，也许 最终考虑了一定比例的治疗失败或复发。项目2中的研究 假设作为起点a）先前有效治疗恶化的条件 通过对驾驶室与替代行为的不利分配，或b）条件 导致这种形式的治疗恶化。然后，该项目从两个 基础研究的相互关联领域，以增强这些条件下的行为干预措施。来自 第一个领域，行为经济学，刺激替代性和需求弹性的原理是 结合行为的动机概念，以安排重新建立优势的条件 替代行为。第二行基础研究表明，所有其他是平等的刺激 从历史上看，与更大的努力相关的刺激与较少的努力相关的刺激具有价值。 相关的实验将首先将这种现象扩展到增强剂本身，然后应用 在临床背景下的相同原理，以建立支持替代者的增强剂的偏见 行为。总体目的是将这些基本原则转化为可以修复的程序 在其影响下恶化或接种干预措施之前的干预措施之前 恶化。