Peer Influence and Selection Mechanisms Underlying Adolescent Problem Behaviors

青少年问题行为背后的同伴影响和选择机制

• 批准号: 8577074
• 负责人: John Mackenzie Light
• 金额: $ 69.82万
• 依托单位: OREGON RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8577074
• 关键词: 13 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Communities; Computer software; Data; Decision Making; Devices; Drug usage; Ecology; Exposure to; Feasibility Studies; Gender; Goals; HIV; Health; Health Hazards; Home environment; Individual; Intervention; Learning; Life Style; Light; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Monitor; Moods; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Nature; Negative Reinforcements; Network-based; Online Systems; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Peer Group; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Positive Reinforcements; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive; Problem behavior; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Schools; Seasons; Sex Behavior; Shapes; Social Environment; Social Network; Social status; Statistical Models; Structure; Survey Methodology; Surveys; Technology; Testing; Time; Youth; addiction; adolescent substance use; anti social; base; boys; data modeling; deviant; early adolescence; experience; falls; girls; high risk sexual behavior; intervention program; light effects; longitudinal design; negative mood; parental monitoring; peer; peer influence; peer victimization; programs; sex; skills; social; social cognitive theory; social norm; substance use prevention; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Affiliation with deviant peers is known to increase the risk of substance use, antisocial behavior, and risky sexual practices during adolescence and into adulthood. We aim to develop models that forecast the risk of such problems from exposure to a given adolescent peer social environment, and suggest practical preventative measures available to parents, schools, and communities. To achieve this ambitious but vital prevention goal, much more needs to be known about how and when peer influence and selection occur. This project will examine mechanisms that theory and prior research suggest may promote or inhibit peer group influence for substance use, antisocial behavior, and risky sex among adolescents age 14-17. Hypotheses draw heavily upon social learning theory, with the fundamental premise that adolescents who use alcohol and drugs and otherwise misbehave do so largely because of the resulting social rewards. This project seeks to track and model the effects of the social reward contingencies associated with these often-related classes of problem behaviors. Using a unique combination of school-based longitudinal social network, Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), and survey methodologies, we seek to identify the nature of study participants' actual peer dynamics, as reported in real time, from random EMAs on programmed iPod devices. Measures include mood, perceptions of peer popularity, peer victimization, activities, and parent factors (monitoring, rule setting, and parent-child relationship). These moderators will contextualize social relationships known from network data, and are modeled using the stochastic actor-based modeling framework as implemented in the RSiena analysis software. The project will directly contribute to NIDA's mission to reduce initiation of drug and alcohol use (which normally occurs during adolescence) and abuse/addiction, as well as the risky sexual practices accompanying a substance-abusing lifestyle that can expose youth to HIV and other serious health hazards. It will also contribute to social-network-based models of peer affiliations and problem behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：众所周知，与异常同龄人的关系会增加青春期和成年期间药物滥用、反社会行为和危险性行为的风险。我们的目标是开发模型来预测暴露于特定青少年同伴社会环境中出现此类问题的风险，并为家长、学校和社区提出实用的预防措施建议。为了实现这一雄心勃勃但至关重要的预防目标，需要更多地了解同伴影响和选择如何以及何时发生。该项目将研究理论和先前研究表明的机制，这些机制可能会促进或抑制同伴群体对 14-17 岁青少年的药物使用、反社会行为和危险性行为的影响。这些假设很大程度上借鉴了社会学习理论，其基本前提是青少年酗酒、吸毒以及其他不当行为很大程度上是因为由此产生的社会奖励。该项目旨在跟踪和模拟与这些经常相关的问题行为类别相关的社会奖励意外事件的影响。 利用基于学校的纵向社交网络、生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 和调查方法的独特组合，我们力求从编程 iPod 设备上的随机 EMA 中实时报告，确定研究参与者实际同伴动态的性质。衡量标准包括情绪、对同伴受欢迎程度的看法、同伴受害、活动和家长因素（监控、规则制定和亲子关系）。这些主持人将从网络数据中了解社交关系的背景，并使用 RSiena 分析软件中实现的基于随机参与者的建模框架进行建模。 该项目将直接促进 NIDA 的使命，即减少吸毒和酗酒（通常发生在青春期）和滥用/成瘾，以及伴随药物滥用生活方式的危险性行为，这些行为可能使青少年暴露于艾滋病毒和其他严重的健康危害。也将有助于 基于社交网络的同伴关系和问题行为模型。