Self-regulation as a Health-Protective Factor in Adverse Socioeconomic Conditions

自我调节作为不利社会经济条件下的健康保护因素

• 批准号: 8646328
• 负责人: Camelia E Hostinar Caudill
• 金额: $ 5.08万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8646328
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Aging; Alcohol consumption; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-inflammatory; Behavior; Biological; Biological Markers; C-reactive protein; Cardiovascular Diseases; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Cholesterol; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Crowding; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Disadvantaged; Disease; Emotions; Exercise; Exposure to; Female; Female Adolescents; Fostering; Functional disorder; Gender; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Transcription; Glucose; Glycosylated Hemoglobin; Goals; Health; Health behavior; Hygiene; Immune; Individual; Individual Differences; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response Pathway; Informal Social Control; Insulin; Interleukin-6; Interpersonal Violence; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life; Life Stress; Link; Literature; Longevity; Lung diseases; Malignant Neoplasms; Marmota; Measures; Mental Depression; Mentorship; Metabolic; Metabolic Marker; Metabolic syndrome; Mission; Morbidity - disease rate; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Occupations; Outcome; Parenting behavior; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Pollution; Population; Poverty; Premature Mortality; Prevalence; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Self-control as a personality trait; Shapes; Sleep; Smoking; Social Functioning; Socioeconomic Status; Stimulus; Stress; Testing; Thinking; Time; Tobacco use; Training; Triglycerides; Universities; age group; aged; cytokine; experience; follow-up; health disparity; indexing; inflammatory marker; longitudinal design; low socioeconomic status; mortality; prevent; programs; prospective; protective effect; psychobiologic; psychoimmunology; public health relevance; resilience; response; skills; social; socioeconomics; stressor; toxicant

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Socioeconomic disadvantage is a significant risk factor for numerous lifespan health problems, including respiratory and cardiovascular disease, psychiatric illness, diabetes, and cancer. Despite the public health significance of reducing the prevalence of these conditions, there is a major gap in the literature regarding factors that may offset the risks posed by low socioeconomic status (SES). The present projects examine the extent to which self-regulation skills (the ability to intentionally control one's thoughts, emotios, and behavior) statistically interact with low SES to predict (Study 1) or associate with (Study 2) biological markers predictive of later health outcomes. This possibility is supported by child development studies showing protective effects of high self-regulatory abilities for the social functioning of children living in poverty, and reported correlations between measures of self-control and adult health outcomes. These issues will be examined using data from two completed projects (PI: Miller). Study 1 prospectively followed 147 adolescent girls (ages 15-19) for 2.5 years, assessing SES and self-regulation skills at baseline, as well as immune and metabolic risk factors every 6 months for the follow-up duration. Study 2 cross-sectionally assessed current SES, childhood parental occupation, self-regulation, immune and metabolic biomarkers in a sample of 420 adults (ages 15-55). Health risk was measured by both studies through comprehensive assessments of inflammation at multiple levels (including RNA expression, ex vivo cytokine responses to bacterial stimuli, and markers of systemic inflammation such as circulating levels of C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6) and indices of metabolic risk (levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol fractions, and glycosylated hemoglobin). Aim 1 is to test if adolescent self-regulation skills moderate associations between low SES and subsequent immune and metabolic biomarker trajectories from 6-30 months post-baseline (Study 1). Aim 2 examines linear associations of low SES, self-regulation, and their statistical interaction with inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in Study 2. The third aim examines correlations between self-regulation and health practices in Study 2 (e.g., alcohol and tobacco use, medications, exercise, sleep hygiene) and explores whether results in Aim 2 hold true after controlling for health practices. These aims are directly relevant for the mission of th sponsoring agency, as they provide knowledge about a potentially health-protective factor that could help reduce the burden of morbidity and premature mortality on the population. Importantly, this protective factor has been shown to be malleable in childhood interventions. This project is part of a training plan that will provide the applicant with exemplary research, didactic, and hands-on laboratory training in psychoimmunology under the mentorship of Dr. Gregory E. Miller at Northwestern University. This training will allow the applicant to pursue her long-term research goals of investigating the links between early life stress and health across the lifespan.

描述（由申请人提供）：社会经济劣势是许多终身健康问题的重要风险因素，包括呼吸系统和心血管疾病、精神疾病、糖尿病和癌症。尽管降低这些疾病的患病率具有公共卫生意义，但文献中关于可能抵消低社会经济地位（SES）所带来风险的因素存在重大差距。目前的项目研究自我调节技能（有意识地控制自己的思想，情感和行为的能力）在统计上与低SES相互作用的程度，以预测（研究1）或与（研究2）生物标志物预测以后的健康结果。这种可能性得到儿童发展研究的支持，这些研究表明，高度的自我调节能力对生活贫困的儿童的社会功能具有保护作用，并报告了自我控制措施与成人健康结果之间的相关性。这些问题将使用两个已完成项目的数据进行检查（PI：米勒）。研究1前瞻性地随访了147名青春期女孩（年龄15-19岁）2.5年，在基线时评估SES和自我调节技能，以及在随访期间每6个月评估一次免疫和代谢风险因素。研究2在420名成年人（年龄15-55岁）的样本中横断面评估了当前SES，儿童期父母职业，自我调节，免疫和代谢生物标志物。两项研究通过多个水平的炎症综合评估（包括RNA表达、对细菌刺激的体外细胞因子反应和全身炎症标志物，如C反应蛋白和白细胞介素-6的循环水平）和代谢风险指数（葡萄糖、胰岛素、甘油三酯、胆固醇分数和糖化血红蛋白水平）来测量健康风险。目的1是测试青少年的自我调节技能是否会调节低SES与基线后6-30个月的免疫和代谢生物标志物轨迹之间的相关性（研究1）。目的2：研究2中低SES、自我调节及其与炎症和代谢功能障碍的统计学相互作用的线性相关性。第三个目的是检验研究2中自我调节和健康实践之间的相关性（例如，酒精和烟草使用、药物、运动、睡眠卫生），并探讨在控制健康习惯后目标2的结果是否仍然成立。这些目标与赞助机构的使命直接相关，因为它们提供了有关潜在健康保护因素的知识，有助于减轻发病率和过早死亡对人口的负担。重要的是，这种保护性因素已被证明在儿童干预中具有可塑性。该项目是一个培训计划的一部分，该计划将为申请人提供在Gregory E.博士的指导下进行的精神免疫学方面的示范性研究、教学和动手实验室培训。西北大学的米勒。这项培训将使申请人能够追求她的长期研究目标，即调查早期生活压力与整个生命周期健康之间的联系。