A Compact, High-power Terahertz Amplifier for DNP-NMR and EPR Spectroscopy

用于 DNP-NMR 和 EPR 光谱分析的紧凑型高功率太赫兹放大器

• 批准号: 8848524
• 负责人: Jagadishwar Rao Sirigiri
• 金额: $ 5.43万
• 依托单位: BRIDGE 12 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8848524
• 关键词: Address; Amplifiers; Amyloid Fibrils; Analytical Chemistry; Area; Biological; California; Communities; Computers; Copper; Development; Devices; Dimensions; Electron Beam; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Electrons; Frequencies; Funding; Future; Gases; Guns; Helium; Image; Individual; Lead; Magic; Measures; Membrane Proteins; Methods; Microfabrication; NMR Spectroscopy; Nuclear; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Outcome; Output; Performance; Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Phase; Physiologic pulse; Platelet Factor 4; Price; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Signal Transduction; Solid; Solutions; Source; Structure; Surface; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Three-Dimensional Imaging; Time; Travel; Tube; United States National Institutes of Health; biological systems; cold temperature; cost; cost effective; data acquisition; design; detector; electrical property; flexibility; human disease; improved; innovation; interest; macromolecule; magnetic field; microwave electromagnetic radiation; nano; novel; operation; prototype; public health relevance; research study; scale up; solid solution; solid state; solid state nuclear magnetic resonance; structural biology; success; transmission process; vector

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to develop a compact, cost-effective Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) amplifier at 263 GHz with 50 W of peak power, 5 W of continuous wave power and 5% instantaneous bandwidth for application in Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) enhanced solid-state and solution-state NMR and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. With DNP, the inherently small signal intensities in a NMR experiment can be enhanced by up to two orders of magnitude. This significantly increased overall sensitivity will be highly beneficial for analytical applications of NMR spectroscopy as well as in the structure determination of bio- macromolecules using NMR methods. Currently, DNP is performed with either low power solid-state sources (whose output power is limited to a few mW at frequencies >300 GHz) and at low temperatures in the range of 20-30 K (to compensate for low microwave power) or with large, gyrotron systems which can generate 50 W of power. Gyrotrons are expensive and do not possess sufficient tuning bandwidth (<0.1%) necessary for investigating a wide range of DNP experiments and thus require expensive sweep coils in the NMR magnets. The proposed TWT will address all the above concerns. The TWT can also be used as an external amplifier on a commercial 263 GHz EPR spectrometer to significantly improve the output power capability by 30dB. The TWT is expected to cost less than one-fourth of the cost of a gyrotron system, provide 5% instantaneous bandwidth and will be a compact table-top system. These advantages will allow a larger number of researchers to take advantage of the sensitivity boost offered by DNP in NMR experiments. In Phase I, we will design, build and test key subsystems of the of the TWT including the electron gun, the compact permanent magnet system and the interaction structure. The latter will be built on a state-of-the-art nano-computer numerical controlled (CNC) milling machine to achieve the high precision and surface quality necessary for operation at such high frequencies. The successful testing of the key subsystems will enable optimization of the design for a full prototype in Phase II. The technology is scalable and can be used at frequencies as high as 593 GHz (900 MHz NMR). A higher peak power version of the device will advance the state-of-the-art in high field EPR spectroscopy. As an ultimate result of this project, we expect Bridge12 to offer commercial TWTs from 263 GHz(400 MHz NMR) to 593 GHz (900 MHz NMR) for DNP-NMR and EPR spectroscopy. This will greatly accelerate structure determination of bio-macromolecules of relevance to human disease research funded by NIH.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们建议在263 GHz处开发紧凑的，成本效益的行驶波管（TWT）放大器，具有50 W的峰值功率，连续波动的5 W和5％瞬时带宽用于动态核极化（DNP）增强的固态NMR和Electon paramagnecorce（DNP），并获得了固定型（DNP）。使用DNP，可以通过多达两个数量级来增强NMR实验中固有的小信号强度。这种显着提高的总体灵敏度将对NMR光谱的分析应用以及使用NMR方法的生物分子的结构确定。目前，DNP使用低功率固态源（其输出功率限制为频率> 300 GHz的几兆瓦），在20-30 K范围内（以补偿低微波炉功率），或以较大的旋转系统可以产生50 W的功率。陀螺仪很昂贵，并且没有足够的调整带宽（<0.1％）来研究广泛的DNP实验，因此需要在NMR磁铁中昂贵的扫盘线圈。拟议的TWT将解决上述所有问题。 TWT也可以用作商用263 GHz EPR光谱仪上的外部放大器，以将输出功率能力显着提高30dB。预计TWT的成本将低于陀螺仪系统成本的四分之一，提供5％的瞬时带宽，并且将是一个紧凑的桌面系统。这些优势将使更多的研究人员能够利用DNP在NMR实验中提供的灵敏度提升。在第一阶段，我们将设计，构建和测试TWT的关键子系统，包括电子枪，紧凑的永久磁铁系统和相互作用结构。后者将建立在最先进的纳米计算机数值控制（CNC）铣床上，以达到如此高频率运行所需的高精度和表面质量。关键子系统的成功测试将使设计在II阶段的完整原型中进行优化。该技术是可扩展的，可用于高达593 GHz（900 MHz NMR）的频率。该设备的较高峰值功率版本将推进高场EPR光谱的最新功能。作为该项目的最终结果，我们预计Bridge12将提供从263 GHz（400 MHz NMR）到DNP-NMR和EPR光谱的593 GHz（900 MHz NMR）的商业TWT。这将极大地加速与NIH资助的人类疾病研究的生物大分子的结构确定。