Intergenerational Impacts of Health Investments in Kenya

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将创建一个不寻常的数据集，由青少年时期受益于随机健康计划的个人的子女组成。该项目将利用实验变异来合理地估计这一健康计划对接受者儿童的健康和认知发展的因果影响，直到最初计划启动后的17年。 该项目将从肯尼亚生活小组调查（KLPS）的7,500名成年受访者中随机选择约1,500名0-5岁儿童进行调查，创建新的KLPS-Kids数据集。最初的KLPS样本包含参与早期健康研究的肯尼亚人，称为小学驱虫计划（PSDP）。从1998年开始，私营部门发展方案向肯尼亚西部农村地区的小学生提供驱虫药，逐步向小学提供驱虫药的顺序是随机的。此前的研究发现，在该计划启动10年后，这种干预措施对受益人的健康、教育和劳动力市场时间和收入产生了实质性的积极影响。这些对父母的影响是研究对受益人子女的后续影响的必要先决条件，也是评估健康干预措施通过改善方案受益人子女的生活成果，在多大程度上有助于打破贫困的代际传递的必要先决条件。为了衡量对受援儿童的影响，该项目将制作适合当地情况的标准和创新调查工具，以衡量0-5岁儿童的各个发展领域。 由于PSDP受益人的选择是随机的，因此数据将能够估计该方案对受益人子女结果的因果影响，克服混淆的关键方法问题。尽管有很强的先验理由预期父母健康收益将显著代际传递给子女，但这些影响很少被证明是因果关系，因为父母健康几乎没有实验差异，再加上跟踪受益人及其子女的详细数据。这一信息对于试图评估卫生和教育方案的成本效益的决策者来说至关重要，因为方案收益的很大一部分可能是方案参与者的子女所经历的长期溢出收益的结果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will create an unusual dataset consisting of the children of individuals who themselves benefited from a randomized health program during adolescence. This project will exploit experimental variation to credibly estimate the causal impact of this health program on the health and cognitive development of recipients' children, up to 17 years after the launch of the initial program. The project will survey a randomly selected subset of approximately 1,500 children aged 0-5 of 7,500 adult respondents in the Kenya Life Panel Survey (KLPS), creating the new KLPS-Kids dataset. The original KLPS sample contains Kenyans who participated in an earlier health study, known as the Primary School Deworming Program (PSDP). The PSDP provided deworming medication to primary school students in rural western Kenya starting in 1998, where the order of phase-in to primary schools was randomized. Previous research finds that this intervention had substantial positive impacts on the health, schooling and labor market hours and earnings of beneficiaries 10 years after the launch of the program. These impacts on parents are a necessary pre-condition for studying later impacts among recipients' children, and to estimate the extent to which a health intervention can help break the intergenerational transmission of poverty by improving life outcomes for program beneficiaries' children. In order to measure the impacts on the recipients' children, this project will create locally appropriate versions of both standard and innovative survey instruments designed to measure various domains of development among children aged 0-5. Since the selection of beneficiaries for the PSDP was randomized, the data will enable the estimation of causal impacts of this program on recipients' children's outcomes, overcoming the key methodological problem of confounding. Despite strong a priori reasons to anticipate significant intergenerational transmission of parent health gains to their children, these effects have rarely been demonstrated to be causal, due to the near absence of experimental variation in parent health in combination with detailed data tracking both beneficiaries and their children. This information is essential for policymakers attempting to assess the cost-effectiveness of health and education programs, as a large part of program benefits may be a result of the long-run spillover gains experienced by program participants' children.