Modulation of histone deacetylase activity by a gammaherpesviral kinase

伽马疱疹病毒激酶对组蛋白脱乙酰酶活性的调节

基本信息

批准号：
8524237
负责人：
Bryan C Mounce
金额：
$ 3.31万
依托单位：
MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-01 至 2014-03-01
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8524237
关键词：
Address Alleles Antiviral Agents Biological Assay Biological Models Cell Nucleus Cells Chromatin Clinical Trials DNA DNA Viruses DNA biosynthesis Data Development Disease Drug resistance Enzymes Estrogen Receptors Excision Exclusion Family Fibroblasts Frequencies Gene Expression Genetic Genetic Transcription Genome HDAC1 gene Herpesviridae Herpesvirus 1 Histone Acetylation Histone Deacetylase Histones Human Human Herpesvirus 4 Human Herpesvirus 8 Human Virus In Vitro Infection Integration Host Factors Kaposi Sarcoma Life Lung Lymphoproliferative Disorders Malignant Neoplasms Measures Mediating Modeling Monitor Mus Names Nasopharynx Carcinoma Nature Nuclear Pathogenesis Phosphotransferases Physiological Plaque Assay Play Post-Translational Protein Processing Production Protein Isoforms Protein Kinase Proteins Publishing RNA Interference Role Spleen Staging Substrate Interaction System Techniques Testing Therapeutic Translating Viral Viral Genes Viral Genome Viral Pathogenesis Viral Proteins Virion Virus Virus Diseases Virus Latency Work base cancer therapy gammaherpesvirus in vivo inhibitor/antagonist latent infection monolayer pathogen promoter public health relevance reactivation from latency recombinase success therapeutic development therapeutic target

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Gammaherpesviruses are pervasive pathogens that establish lifelong infection in their hosts. The human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Kaposi's Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) are associated with diverse diseases, including several cancers. The murine gammaherpesvirus named mouse gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) serves as a model system and provides for the use of powerful mouse genetics to understand the virus-host relationship. All gammaherpesviruses encode a viral protein kinase that phosphorylates and interacts with a multitude of substrates, though the physiological relevance of many of these substrate interactions remains to be verified. As nuclear DNA viruses, herpesviruses interact with cellular histone proteins that enwrap DNA in the nucleus to form chromatin. Histone acetylation is a common post-translational modification that promotes enhanced gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the removal of acetyl moieties from histones and are classically considered to repress transcription. Due to their repressive nature, HDACs are frequently characterized as antiviral, and several viruses have evolved mechanisms to inactivate, disrupt, relocalize, or modify HDACs to facilitate infection. For example, herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) has evolved mechanisms to antagonize HDACs through two distinct viral proteins: ICP02 and the Us3 kinase3;4. We have discovered that orf36, the MHV68 kinase, interacts with and modulates HDACs during infection. We hypothesize that this modulation facilitates viral infection at several stages, including viral gen expression, DNA replication, and infectious virion production. To test this hypothesis, we will use cells and mice with conditional HDAC alleles. After excision of HDACs in cells in vitro, we will measure viral gene expression and DNA replication via qRT-PCR and infectious virion production via plaque assay. After HDAC excision in vivo, we will measure peak viral titers via plaque assay and parameters of viral latency with limiting dilution assays. The combination of in vitro and in vivo techniques will encompass a directed, yet extensive, characterization of the role of HDACs in MHV68 infection. Herpesviral kinases are critical regulators of infection and represent a tractable target for therapeutics. Additionally, histone deacetylases have emerged as important therapeutic targets in cancer treatments. Thus, understanding the interactions between herpesviral kinases, chromatin, and chromatin-modifying enzymes is critical to the development of rational therapeutics. Several orf36 functions are conserved in other gammaherpesviral kinases; thus, the results of our studies are expected to translate to human pathogens.