Cortical Dynamics of Auditory Attention

听觉注意力的皮层动力学

• 批准号: 8867357
• 负责人: Adrian KC Lee
• 金额: $ 6.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-17 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8867357
• 关键词: Accounting; Acoustics; Address; Aging; Area; Attention; Auditory; Behavioral; Behavioral Paradigm; Brain; Central Auditory Processing Disorder; Clinical; Cochlear Implants; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Complex; Coupled; Coupling; Crowding; Cues; Data; Devices; Environment; Goals; Health; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Individual; Lead; Life; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maintenance; Measures; Performance; Peripheral; Physiological; Population; Process; Psychoacoustics; Reaction Time; Recruitment Activity; Research; Rest; Scanning; Self-Help Devices; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Social Interaction; Source; Stimulus; Stream; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Work; base; cost; design; directed attention; encephalography; experience; extrastriate visual cortex; hearing impairment; interest; neuroimaging; neurophysiology; next generation; programs; rehabilitation strategy; relating to nervous system; selective attention; signal processing; simulation; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In order to dynamically follow different conversations in a crowded environment, we must constantly direct attention to the auditory signal of interest and segregate sounds that originated from other sources. Normal-hearing listeners can achieve this task seamlessly, but hearing-impaired listeners, cochlear implant users, and individuals with (central) auditory processing disorders often find communicating in this everyday acoustic environment challenging. The long-term objective of this research is to characterize the cortical dynamics associated with different aspects of auditory attention and to incorporate these brain signals in a next-generation hearing assistive device that helps account for the listener's attentional focus. The current project is built on the hypothesis that there are distributed corticl regions that coordinate top-down and bottom-up auditory attention, and that these regions are functionally coupled to the auditory sensory areas differently depending on the task at hand. The brain dynamics associated with auditory attention are currently not well understood, and thus a necessary first step to achieve our long-term objective is to study the attentional network in normal-hearing listeners. The specific aims of this project seek to identify differences between the cortical regions recruited for attention based on spatial and non-spatial features (Aim 1), as well as how the rest of the cortex compensates when the peripheral auditory signal is degraded by simulating the reduction in spectrotemporal acuity experienced by listeners with hearing impairments and cochlear implant users (Aim 2). Furthermore, we propose to take a systems-level approach and investigate how other cortical regions communicate with the auditory sensory areas in order to coordinate switching and maintenance of attention in a crowded acoustical scene (Aim 3). Our proposal emphasizes designing behavioral paradigms that bridge the gap between psychoacoustics and neuroimaging research, thereby addressing how different regions of the cortex act in concert to aid us in communicating in everyday settings.

描述（由申请人提供）：为了在拥挤的环境中动态遵循不同的对话，我们必须不断地关注感兴趣的听觉信号，并隔离起源于其他来源的声音。正常听力的听众可以无缝地完成此任务，但是听力障碍的听众，人工耳蜗使用者以及（中央）听觉处理障碍的人通常会在这种日常的声学环境中发现交流。这项研究的长期目标是表征与听觉注意力不同方面相关的皮质动力学，并将这些大脑信号纳入下一代听力辅助设备，以帮助考虑听众的注意力重点。当前的项目建立在以下假设的基础上：有分布式的皮质区域可以协调自上而下和自下而上的听觉注意力，并且这些区域在功能上与听觉感觉区域的功能取决于手头的任务不同。目前，与听觉关注相关的大脑动力学目前尚不清楚，因此实现我们的长期目标的必要第一步是研究正常听众的注意力网络。该项目的具体目的旨在确定 根据空间和非空间特征（AIM 1）招募的皮质区域（AIM 1），以及当其余的皮质征收时，当通过模拟听众带来的助听器和手指植入使用者的频谱敏锐度来降低外围听觉信号时，如何补偿了外围听觉信号（AIM 2）。此外，我们建议采用系统级方法，并研究其他皮质区域如何与听觉感觉区域进行通信，以协调拥挤的声学场景中注意力的转换和维护（AIM 3）。我们的建议强调设计行为范式，这些行为范式弥合了心理声学与神经影像学研究之间的差距，从而解决了皮质的不同地区如何协同行动，以帮助我们在日常环境中进行交流。